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Italienisch (Dante-Zeit)
Indo-European (Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Tuscan) · historische / verborgene Varietät
Old Italian (italiano antico) is the literary Florentine Tuscan of the "Three Crowns" of the 14th century: Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy (~1308-1320), Petrarch's Canzoniere (~1350), and Boccaccio's Decameron (~1353). Foundational to the Italian literary canon and the basis on which Pietro Bembo's Prose della volgar lingua (1525) standardized Modern Italian. Distinguishing features from Modern Italian (it): foco (vs fuoco), bevere (vs bere), core (vs cuore), mercede (vs grazie); passato remoto used as default narrative tense; archaic articles (lo, li) before consonant clusters; ellisi-rich syntax; Provençal/Sicilian poetic vocabulary borrowings. Pronunciation reflects 14c. Tuscan: closed /e o/ in many words later opened in Modern standard, intervocalic /s/ voiced /z/ throughout (preserved in Modern Tuscan accent), unraised /i u/ in checked syllables. Taught canonically in Italian schools (Liceo Classico) for reading the Divine Comedy and the Tuscan canon.
Wo es gesprochen wird
20 Kernwörter in Italienisch (Dante-Zeit)
Wasser
acqua
/ˈakːwa/
Feuer
foco
/ˈfɔko/
Sonne
sole
/ˈsole/
Mond
luna
/ˈluna/
Mutter
madre
/ˈmaːdre/
Vater
padre
/ˈpaːdre/
Essen
mangiare
/manˈd͡ʒare/
Trinken
bevere
/ˈbevere/
Liebe
amore
/aˈmore/
Herz
core
/ˈkɔre/
Baum
albero
/ˈalbero/
Haus
casa
/ˈkasa/
Hund
cane
/ˈkane/
Katze
gatto
/ˈɡatːo/
Hand
mano
/ˈmano/
Auge
occhio
/ˈɔkːjo/
Hallo
salute
/saˈlute/
Danke
mercede
/merˈt͡ʃede/
Eins
uno
/ˈuno/
Gut
buono
/ˈbwɔno/
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Indo-European (Italic, Romance, Italo-Western, Tuscan)-Sprachen
| Bedeutung | Italienisch (Dante-Zeit) | Italienisch | Altspanisch | Spanisch des Goldenen Zeitalters | Spanisch (Europa) | Aragonesisch | Esperanto |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | acqua /ˈakːwa/ | acqua /ˈakkwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | augua /ˈawɡwa/ | akvo /ˈakvo/ |
| Feuer | foco /ˈfɔko/ | fuoco /ˈfwɔːko/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fajro /ˈfajro/ |
| Sonne | sole /ˈsole/ | sole /ˈsoːle/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | suno /ˈsuno/ |
| Mond | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluːna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luno /ˈluno/ |
| Mutter | madre /ˈmaːdre/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ | madre /ˈmaðre/ | madre /ˈmadɾe/ | madre /ˈmaðɾe/ | mai /maj/ | patrino /paˈtrino/ |
| Vater | padre /ˈpaːdre/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ | padre /ˈpaðre/ | padre /ˈpadɾe/ | padre /ˈpaðɾe/ | pai /paj/ | patro /ˈpatro/ |
| Essen | mangiare /manˈd͡ʒare/ | mangiare /manˈd͡ʒaːre/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | minchar /minˈt͡ʃaɾ/ | manĝi /ˈmandʒi/ |
| Trinken | bevere /ˈbevere/ | bere /ˈbeːre/ | bever /beˈveɾ/ | beuer /beˈβeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | trinki /ˈtrinki/ |
| Liebe | amore /aˈmore/ | amore /aˈmoːre/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amo /ˈamo/ |
| Herz | core /ˈkɔre/ | cuore /ˈkwɔːre/ | coraçón /koɾaˈt͡son/ | coraçón /koɾaˈt͡son/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | koro /ˈkoro/ |
| Baum | albero /ˈalbero/ | albero /ˈalbero/ | árbor /ˈaɾβoɾ/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | arbo /ˈarbo/ |
| Haus | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkaːsa/ | casa /ˈkaza/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | domo /ˈdomo/ |
| Hund | cane /ˈkane/ | cane /ˈkaːne/ | can /kan/ | perro /ˈpero/ | perro /ˈpero/ | can /kan/ | hundo /ˈhundo/ |
| Katze | gatto /ˈɡatːo/ | gatto /ˈɡatto/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | kato /ˈkato/ |
| Hand | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmaːno/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ |
| Auge | occhio /ˈɔkːjo/ | occhio /ˈɔkkjo/ | ojo /ˈoʒo/ | ojo /ˈoʃo/ | ojo /ˈoxo/ | güello /ˈɣweʎo/ | okulo /oˈkulo/ |
| Hallo | salute /saˈlute/ | ciao /ˈt͡ʃaːo/ | salud /saˈlud/ | Dios os guarde /djos os ˈɡwaɾde/ | hola /ˈola/ | hola /ˈola/ | saluton /saˈluton/ |
| Danke | mercede /merˈt͡ʃede/ | grazie /ˈɡratt͡sje/ | mercedes /meɾˈt͡seðes/ | gracias /ˈɡɾat͡sjas/ | gracias /ˈɡɾaθjas/ | gracias /ˈɡɾaθjas/ | dankon /ˈdankon/ |
| Eins | uno /ˈuno/ | uno /ˈuːno/ | uno /ˈuno/ | uno /ˈuno/ | uno /ˈuno/ | un /un/ | unu /ˈunu/ |
| Gut | buono /ˈbwɔno/ | buono /ˈbwɔːno/ | bono /ˈbono/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | bona /ˈbona/ |
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