Kĩmĩĩru
الميرو
Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster)
Meru (Kĩmĩĩru) is a Bantu language of central Kenya spoken by the Ameru people on the eastern and northeastern slopes of Mount Kenya, with roughly 2 million speakers. It belongs to the Mount Kenya cluster of the Bantu E.50 / E.60 zone alongside Kikuyu (ki), Embu (ebu), and Kamba (kam), with which it shares extensive cognate vocabulary and a 7-vowel ATR-contrast system. The orthography uses tilde diacritics on ĩ and ũ to mark the non-ATR (lax) variants — a convention shared with Kikuyu and Embu. Meru comprises several mutually intelligible varieties: Imenti (the largest and basis of standard written Meru), Tigania, Igembe, Igoji, Mwimbi-Muthambi, and Chuka; Tharaka, spoken on the southern fringe, is sometimes classified as a separate language. The Bible was fully translated by 1964. Meru is recognized as an indigenous Kenyan language under the 2010 constitution and is used in primary education and regional broadcasting.
أين تُستخدم
20 كلمة أساسية في الميرو
ماء
rũũjĩ
/ɾuːdʒi/
نار
mwaki
/mwaki/
شمس
rĩũa
/ɾiua/
قمر
mweri
/mweɾi/
أم
mami
/mami/
أب
baba
/baba/
أكل
kũrĩa
/kuɾia/
شرب
kũnyũa
/kuɲua/
حب
wendo
/wendo/
قلب
ngoro
/ŋɡoɾo/
شجرة
mũtĩ
/muti/
بيت
nyomba
/ɲomba/
كلب
ngiti
/ŋɡiti/
قطة
nyau
/ɲau/
يد
njara
/ndʒaɾa/
عين
rĩĩthwa
/ɾiːθwa/
مرحبا
mwega
/mweɡa/
شكرا
nĩ baba
/ni baba/
واحد
ĩmwe
/imwe/
جيد
mwega
/mweɡa/
المصادر
- Ethnologue 27: Meru
- Glottolog: Meru (meru1247)
- Maho (2009) NUGL Online (Bantu E.50/E.60 group)
- Marete (1986) The Meru People
- Möhlig (1974) A dialectological grammar of Meru
مقارنة الكلمات
بالمقارنة مع لغات Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu, E.50/E.60 — Mount Kenya cluster) ذات الصلة
| المعنى | الميرو | الإمبو | الكيكويو | الكامبا | الآسو | الندو | النياتورو |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ماء | rũũjĩ /ɾuːdʒi/ | mai /mai/ | maaĩ /maːi/ | kĩw'ũ /kiwu/ | mende /mende/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | maazi /maːzi/ |
| نار | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mshika /mʃika/ | muriro /muɾiɾo/ | moto /moto/ |
| شمس | rĩũa /ɾiua/ | rĩũa /ɾiua/ | rĩũa /ɾiwa/ | syũa /sjua/ | nyu /ɲu/ | zuva /zuva/ | nzua /nzua/ |
| قمر | mweri /mweɾi/ | mweri /mweɾi/ | mweri /mweɾi/ | mwei /mwei/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ |
| أم | mami /mami/ | mami /mami/ | maitũ /maitu/ | mwaitũ /mwaitu/ | mama /mama/ | amai /amai/ | mama /mama/ |
| أب | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | asa /asa/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ |
| أكل | kũrĩa /kuɾia/ | kũrĩa /kuɾia/ | kũrĩa /kuɾia/ | kũya /kuja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ |
| شرب | kũnyũa /kuɲua/ | kũnyua /kuɲua/ | kũnyua /kuɲua/ | kũnywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| حب | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wendo/ | wendo /wendo/ | lumba /lumba/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| قلب | ngoro /ŋɡoɾo/ | ngoro /ŋɡoɾo/ | ngoro /ŋɡoɾo/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | umutima /umutima/ |
| شجرة | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | mti /mti/ | muti /muti/ | umuti /umuti/ |
| بيت | nyomba /ɲomba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| كلب | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | ngitĩ /ŋɡiti/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbga /imbɡa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| قطة | nyau /ɲau/ | nyau /ɲau/ | nyaũ /ɲau/ | mbaka /mbaka/ | paka /paka/ | kiti /kiti/ | paka /paka/ |
| يد | njara /ndʒaɾa/ | guoko /ɡuoko/ | guoko /ɡuoko/ | kw'oko /kwoko/ | mkono /mkono/ | chanza /tʃanza/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ |
| عين | rĩĩthwa /ɾiːθwa/ | riitho /ɾiːθo/ | riitho /riːθo/ | ĩtho /iθo/ | jicho /dʒitʃo/ | ziso /ziso/ | iriiso /iɾiːso/ |
| مرحبا | mwega /mweɡa/ | mwega /mweɡa/ | wĩmwega /wimweɡa/ | mwĩaĩle /mwiaile/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mhoroi /mhoɾoji/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ |
| شكرا | nĩ baba /ni baba/ | nĩ baba /ni baba/ | nĩ wega /ni weɡa/ | nĩ vinya /ni viɲa/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | ahsante /ahsante/ |
| واحد | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | imwe /imwe/ | chimwe /tʃimwe/ | umwe /umwe/ |
| جيد | mwega /mweɡa/ | mwega /mweɡa/ | wega /weɡa/ | museo /museo/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | kanaka /kanaka/ | kihi /kihi/ |
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