*PJK
Protojapónico-coreano
Japonic (proposed Japonic-Koreanic) · variedade histórica / oculta
Proto-Japonic-Koreanic (PJK) is a hypothesized common ancestor of the Japonic and Koreanic language families. The hypothesis is contested: Whitman (2012), Robbeets (2015) — and Robbeets et al. (2021) Transeurasian — argue for a shared ancestor whose speakers brought wet-rice farming from the southern Korean peninsula (Mumun) to the Japanese archipelago (Yayoi). Vovin (2010) and others reject the connection, noting that proposed cognates concentrate in cultural/farming vocabulary (rice, paddy, millet, silkworm) rather than basic vocabulary like water/fire/sun — which is the major reason the hypothesis remains controversial. Nearly all 20-word Swadesh-style cells here are intentionally left as "—" to reflect this gap.
Onde é falada
20 palavras essenciais em Protojapónico-coreano
Água
—
/—/
Fogo
—
/—/
Sol
—
/—/
Lua
—
/—/
Mãe
*əma
/əma/
Pai
*əpa
/əpa/
Comer
—
/—/
Beber
—
/—/
Amor
—
/—/
Coração
—
/—/
Árvore
—
/—/
Casa
—
/—/
Cão
—
/—/
Gato
—
/—/
Mão
—
/—/
Olho
—
/—/
Olá
—
/—/
Obrigado
—
/—/
Um
—
/—/
Bom
—
/—/
Palavras comparadas
Comparado com línguas Japonic (proposed Japonic-Koreanic) relacionadas
| Significado | Protojapónico-coreano | Messapic | língua de sinais nicaraguense | Tartesso | Liburnian | Venetic | Goguryeo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ouriom /ˈou.ri.om/ | 買 /*mai/ |
| Fogo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Sol | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Lua | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mãe | *əma /əma/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | matur /ˈma.tur/ | — /—/ |
| Pai | *əpa /əpa/ | ana /ˈana/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Comer | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Beber | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Amor | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Coração | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Árvore | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Casa | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Cão | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Gato | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mão | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Olho | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Olá | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Obrigado | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Um | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Bom | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
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