Guugu Yimidhirr
guugu yimithirr
Pama-Nyungan (Paman, eastern Cape York)
Il guugu yimithirr è una lingua pama-nyungan (sottogruppo paman) parlata a Hopevale, a nord di Cooktown, all'estremo nord del Queensland, da circa 700-800 persone. In linguistica cognitiva è celebre per il sistema di riferimento spaziale a punti cardinali assoluti: gungga (nord), jiba (sud), naga (est), guwa (ovest), al posto del sinistro/destro egocentrico tipico delle lingue europee (Levinson 1992, 1997). È inoltre la lingua di origine del termine inglese "kangaroo" (gangurru). Haviland (1979) ne è la descrizione principale.
Dove si parla
20 parole essenziali in guugu yimithirr
Acqua
buurraay
/buːraːj/
Fuoco
—
/—/
Sole
ngalan
/ŋalan/
Luna
giitha
/ɡiːt̪a/
Madre
ngamu
/ŋamu/
Padre
biiba
/biːba/
Mangiare
budal
/budal/
Bere
—
/—/
Amore
—
/—/
Cuore
—
/—/
Albero
yugu
/juɡu/
Casa
bayan
/bajan/
Cane
gudaa
/ɡudaː/
Gatto
buthigan
/but̪iɡan/
Mano
mungal
/muŋal/
Occhio
miil
/miːl/
Ciao
—
/—/
Grazie
—
/—/
Uno
nubuun
/nubuːn/
Buono
awuun
/awuːn/
Fonti
- Haviland (1979) "Guugu Yimidhirr" in Dixon & Blake (eds.) Handbook of Australian Languages vol. 1, pp.27-180
- Haviland (1979) Guugu Yimidhirr Sketch Grammar (ANU Press)
- Levinson (1992, 1997) "Language and Cognition: The Cognitive Consequences of Spatial Description in Guugu Yimithirr" J. Linguistic Anthropology 7:1
- Glottolog: Guugu Yimithirr (gugu1255)
- Ethnologue: kky
Parole a confronto
Confrontato con le lingue Pama-Nyungan (Paman, eastern Cape York) correlate
| Significato | guugu yimithirr | lardil | Etrusco | yangkaal | Frigio | Pyu | osco |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | buurraay /buːraːj/ | kantha /kanθa/ | — /—/ | ngogo /ŋoɡo/ | — /—/ | ʔuy /uj/ | — /—/ |
| Fuoco | — /—/ | jalul /d͡ʒalul/ | — /—/ | ngida /ŋida/ | — /—/ | vyaŋ /wjaŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Sole | ngalan /ŋalan/ | thurara /θuɾaɾa/ | usil /ˈuzil/ | wargu /waɾɡu/ | — /—/ | ño /ɲo/ | — /—/ |
| Luna | giitha /ɡiːt̪a/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | tiur /ˈtiur/ | waldar /waldaɾ/ | masê /maˈseː/ | hla /hla/ | — /—/ |
| Madre | ngamu /ŋamu/ | ngama /ŋama/ | ati /ˈati/ | ngama /ŋama/ | mater /ˈmater/ | na /na/ | maatúf /maːtof/ |
| Padre | biiba /biːba/ | — /—/ | apa /ˈapa/ | kanda /kanda/ | atas /aˈtas/ | paʔ /paʔ/ | patír /patiːr/ |
| Mangiare | budal /budal/ | jitha /d͡ʒiθa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | cyaʔ /tɕaʔ/ | — /—/ |
| Bere | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Amore | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Cuore | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | yugu /juɡu/ | tungal /tuŋal/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | siŋ /siŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Casa | bayan /bajan/ | — /—/ | śuthi /ˈsuθi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | vaiŋ /waiŋ/ | trííbúm /triːbom/ |
| Cane | gudaa /ɡudaː/ | ngawu /ŋawu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | kan /kan/ | kwiy /kwij/ | — /—/ |
| Gatto | buthigan /but̪iɡan/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mano | mungal /muŋal/ | marra /maɾa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | lak /lak/ | manim /manim/ |
| Occhio | miil /miːl/ | mela /mela/ | — /—/ | miibul /miːbul/ | — /—/ | mik /mik/ | — /—/ |
| Ciao | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Uno | nubuun /nubuːn/ | kunngirr /kuŋŋir/ | thu /θu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | te /te/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | awuun /awuːn/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
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