Maya tʼaan

Yucatec Maya

Mayan (Yucatecan)

FamilyMayan (Yucatecan) Speakers~770K ScriptLatin (with apostrophes for ejectives) CountriesMexico, Belize, Guatemala Official inMexico (national) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3yua

Yucatec Maya (Maaya tʼaan) is the most widely spoken Mayan language in Mexico, native to the Yucatán Peninsula (states of Yucatán, Quintana Roo, Campeche), with ~770K speakers, plus communities in Belize and northern Guatemala. It is recognized as a national language by Mexico's Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos (2003). Unlike most Mayan languages, Yucatec is tonal (high vs. low), preserves substantial inherited Mayan vocabulary, and has rich verb morphology with status (perfective/imperfective/subjunctive) suffixes. The colonial-era Books of Chilam Balam and the modern Maya literary movement attest a long literary tradition.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Yucatec Maya

Water

jaʼ

/haʔ/

Fire

kʼáakʼ

/kʼaːkʼ/

Sun

kʼiin

/kʼiːn/

Moon

uj

/uh/

Mother

naʼ

/naʔ/

Father

taata

/taːta/

Eat

jaant

/haːnt/

Drink

ukʼul

/ukʼul/

Love

yaakuntej

/jaːkunteh/

Heart

puksiʼikʼal

/puksiʔikʼal/

Tree

cheʼ

/tʃeʔ/

House

naj

/nah/

Dog

peekʼ

/peːkʼ/

Cat

miis

/miːs/

Hand

kʼabʼ

/kʼaɓ/

Eye

ich

/itʃ/

Hello

baʼax ka waʼalik

/baʔaʃ ka waʔalik/

Thank you

dios boʼotik

/dios boʔotik/

One

jun

/hun/

Good

maʼalob

/maʔalob/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Mayan (Yucatecan) languages

Meaning Yucatec MayaItzá MayaClassical MayaTabasco ChontalTojolabalUspantekoTzeltal
Water jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ haʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /haʔ/ jaʼ /xaʔ/
Fire kʼáakʼ /kʼaːkʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼahkʼ /kʼahkʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ kʼaal /kʼaːl/
Sun kʼiin /kʼiːn/ kʼin /kʼin/ kʼin /kʼin/ kʼin /kʼin/ kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ qʼiij /qʼiːh/ kʼajkʼal /kʼaxkʼal/
Moon uj /uh/ uj /uh/ uh /uh/ ä /æ/ ixaw /iʃaw/ ikʼ /ikʼ/ u /u/
Mother naʼ /naʔ/ naʼ /naʔ/ naʼ /naʔ/ naʼ /naʔ/ nan /nan/ nan /nan/ meʼ /meʔ/
Father taata /taːta/ tat /tat/ yuum /juːm/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/ tat /tat/
Eat jaant /haːnt/ jant /hant/ wiʼij /wiʔiχ/ weʼ /weʔ/ waʼel /waʔel/ waʼ /waʔ/ weʼel /weʔel/
Drink ukʼul /ukʼul/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼe /ukʼe/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ ukʼ /ukʼ/ uchʼel /utʃʼel/
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