मुण्डारी
Mundari
Austroasiatic (Munda)
Mundari is the second-largest Munda language after Santali (sat), native to the Chota Nagpur Plateau of Jharkhand and adjacent Odisha. It is the eponymous language of the Munda people, after whom the Munda branch of Austroasiatic is named. Mundari is agglutinative with rich verb morphology, has been written in the Devanagari, Latin, and the recent Mundari Bani script, and remains central to indigenous identity movements in eastern India.
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Mundari
Water
daa
/daː/
Fire
sengel
/seŋɡel/
Sun
singi
/siŋɡi/
Moon
chando
/tʃando/
Star
ipil
/ipil/
Mother
ayo
/ajo/
Father
apu
/apu/
I
aiñ
/aiɲ/
You
am
/am/
Name
nutum
/nutum/
Eye
med
/med/
Hand
ti
/ti/
Heart
jiu
/dʒiu/
Love
dularaa
/dularaː/
Tree
daru
/daru/
House
oraa
/oraː/
Dog
seta
/seta/
Cat
pusi
/pusi/
Eat
jom
/dʒom/
Drink
nu
/nu/
One
mid
/mid/
Two
baria
/baria/
Hello
johar
/dʒohar/
Thank you
dhonyobad
/dʱoɲobad/
Good
bes
/bes/
Words compared
Compared with related Austroasiatic (Munda) languages
| Meaning | Mundari | Ho | Santali | Sora language | Bodo | Fiji Hindi | Simalungun Batak |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | daa /daː/ | daa /daː/ | ᱫᱟᱜ /daʔ/ | daŋa /daŋa/ | दै /dai/ | paani /paːni/ | bah /bah/ |
| Fire | sengel /seŋɡel/ | sengel /seŋɡel/ | ᱥᱮᱝᱜᱮᱞ /seŋɡel/ | tin /tin/ | वाथार /watʰaɾ/ | aagi /aːɡi/ | apuy /apuj/ |
| Sun | singi /siŋɡi/ | singi /siŋɡi/ | ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱤ /siŋɡi/ | dag /dag/ | सान /san/ | suraj /suːrədʒ/ | mata ni ari /mata ni ari/ |
| Moon | chando /tʃando/ | chando /tʃando/ | ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ /tʃãndo/ | dian /dian/ | ओखाफोर /okʰapʰoɾ/ | chaand /tʃãːd/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Star | ipil /ipil/ | ipil /ipil/ | ᱤᱯᱤᱞ /ipil/ | tərɖaŋ /tərɖaŋ/ | हाथोरखि /hatʰorkʰi/ | taaraa /taːraː/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Mother | ayo /ajo/ | ayu /aju/ | ᱟᱭᱳ /ajo/ | ayo /ajo/ | आय /aj/ | amma /əmːaː/ | inang /inaŋ/ |
| Father | apu /apu/ | apu /apu/ | ᱟᱯᱟᱹ /apə/ | aba /aba/ | आफा /apʰa/ | baap /baːp/ | bapa /bapa/ |
| I | aiñ /aiɲ/ | aiñ /aiɲ/ | ᱤᱧ /iɲ/ | ɲen /ɲɛn/ | आं /aŋ/ | ham /ɦəm/ | ahu /ahu/ |
| You | am /am/ | am /am/ | ᱟᱢ /am/ | am /am/ | नों /nɯŋ/ | tum /tʊm/ | ho /ho/ |
| Name | nutum /nutum/ | nutum /nutum/ | ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ /ɲutum/ | ɲum /ɲum/ | मुं /muŋ/ | naam /naːm/ | goran /goran/ |
| Eye | med /med/ | med /med/ | ᱢᱮᱫ /met/ | siʔi /siʔi/ | मेगन /meɡon/ | aankhi /ãːkʰi/ | mata /mata/ |
| Hand | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | ᱛᱤ /tiː/ | si /si/ | आखाइ /akʰai/ | haath /haːtʰ/ | tangan /taŋan/ |
| Heart | jiu /dʒiu/ | jiu /dʒiu/ | ᱢᱳᱱ /mon/ | suʔun /suʔun/ | फिथा /pʰitʰa/ | dil /dɪl/ | uhur /uhur/ |
| Love | dularaa /dularaː/ | dulaiya /dulaija/ | ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱲᱤ /dulaɽi/ | adi /adi/ | अननाय /onːai/ | pyaar /pjaːr/ | holong /holoŋ/ |
| Tree | daru /daru/ | daru /daru/ | ᱫᱟᱨᱮ /dare/ | dar /dar/ | बिजि /bidʒi/ | perr /peɽ/ | hayu /haju/ |
| House | oraa /oraː/ | oraa /oraː/ | ᱳᱲᱟᱜ /oɽaːk/ | suʔuŋ /suʔuŋ/ | नो /no/ | ghar /ɡʱər/ | rumah /rumah/ |
| Dog | seta /seta/ | seta /seta/ | ᱥᱮᱛᱟ /seta/ | sua /sua/ | सैमा /saima/ | kutta /kʊtːaː/ | baliang /baliaŋ/ |
| Cat | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | ᱯᱩᱥᱤ /pusi/ | biri /biri/ | मौजि /maudʒi/ | pusi /pusi/ | huting /hutiŋ/ |
| Eat | jom /dʒom/ | jom /dʒom/ | ᱡᱳᱢ /dʒom/ | kay /kaj/ | जा /dʒa/ | khao /kʰaːo/ | mangan /maŋan/ |
| Drink | nu /nu/ | nu /nu/ | ᱧᱩ /ɲu/ | pim /pim/ | लोङ /loŋ/ | pio /pio/ | minum /minum/ |
| One | mid /mid/ | miyad /mijad/ | ᱢᱤᱫ /mit/ | aboy /aboj/ | से /se/ | ek /ek/ | sada /sada/ |
| Two | baria /baria/ | bariya /barija/ | ᱵᱟᱨ /bar/ | baguu /baɡu/ | नै /nɯi/ | dui /dʊi/ | dua /dua/ |
| Hello | johar /dʒohar/ | johar /dʒohar/ | ᱡᱳᱦᱟᱨ /dʒohar/ | limtam /limtam/ | खुलुमबाय /kʰulumbai/ | namaste /nəməste/ | horas /horas/ |
| Thank you | dhonyobad /dʱoɲobad/ | dhanybad /dʱanjbad/ | ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱭᱚᱵᱟᱫ /dʱonjobad/ | surai /surai/ | साबार /sabaɾ/ | dhanbaad /dʱənbaːd/ | diatebei /diatebei/ |
| Good | bes /bes/ | bugin /buɡin/ | ᱵᱮᱥ /bes/ | mando /mando/ | मोजां /modʒaŋ/ | achchha /ətʃtʃʰaː/ | dear /dear/ |
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