Åarjelsaemien gïele

Southern Sámi

Uralic (Saami, Western)

FamilyUralic (Saami, Western) Speakers~500 (critically endangered) ScriptLatin (Southern Sámi orthography 1978) CountriesNorway (Trøndelag-Nordland), Sweden (Jämtland-Härjedalen) Official inNorway, Sweden (recognized minority) Vitalitycritically-endangered ISO 639-3sma

Also known as: Southern Sami, Aarjelsaemiengiele

Southern Sámi (Åarjelsaemien gïele) is the most divergent surviving Sámi language, spoken in central Norway (Trøndelag and Nordland counties) and Sweden (Jämtland and Härjedalen) by ~500-600 speakers. It is critically endangered and not mutually intelligible with Northern Sámi (the largest Sámi language); has a richer vowel system and unique morphological features. Recognized as a minority language in both Norway and Sweden. Standard orthography was developed in 1978 with extensive use of diacritics. Continues active reindeer-herding culture but is severely threatened.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Southern Sámi

Water

tjaetsie

/tʃaeʰtsie/

Fire

dolle

/dolːe/

Sun

biejjie

/pie̯jːie/

Moon

aske

/askə/

Mother

tjidtjie

/tʃitːʃie/

Father

aehtjie

/aeʰtʃie/

Eat

byöpmedidh

/pyœpmedih/

Drink

jovkedh

/jovkəh/

Love

gieriesvoete

/ɡieriesvuəte/

Heart

vaajmoe

/vaːjmoe/

Tree

moere

/moːrə/

House

gåetie

/ɡoətie/

Dog

bïenje

/piːnje/

Cat

gaahtoe

/ɡaːhtoe/

Hand

gïete

/kiːte/

Eye

tjelmie

/tʃelmie/

Hello

buerie biejjie

/puerie pie̯jːie/

Thank you

gæjhtoe

/kæjhtoe/

One

akte

/aktə/

Good

hijven

/hijven/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Uralic (Saami, Western) languages

Meaning Southern SámiLule SámiInari SámiNorthern SamiSkolt SámiKildin SámiLivonian
Water tjaetsie /tʃaeʰtsie/ tjáhtje /tʃaːhtje/ čääci /tʃæːtsi/ čáhci /tʃaːhtsi/ čääʹcc /tʃæːtsʲː/ чадзь /tʃadzʲ/ vež /vɛʒ/
Fire dolle /dolːe/ dålla /tolːa/ tollâ /tolːa/ dolla /dolːa/ toll /tolː/ тоалл /toallʲ/ tūl /tuːl/
Sun biejjie /pie̯jːie/ biejvve /pie̯jvːe/ peivi /peivi/ beaivi /peɑjvi/ peeiʹvv /peːjvʲː/ пе̄ййв /peːjjv/ pǟva /pæːva/
Moon aske /askə/ máno /maːno/ maanu /maːnu/ mánnu /maːnːu/ mään /mæːn/ ма̄нн /maːnn/ kūʼ /kuː/
Mother tjidtjie /tʃitːʃie/ iedne /iedne/ enni /enːi/ eadni /eɑdni/ jeäʹnn /jæːnʲː/ е̄ннҍ /jeːnnʲ/ jemā /jɛmaː/
Father aehtjie /aeʰtʃie/ áhttje /aːhtːje/ eeči /eːtʃi/ áhčči /aːhtʃːi/ eeʹǩǩ /eːkʲː/ а̄джь /aːdʒʲ/ izā /izaː/
Eat byöpmedidh /pyœpmedih/ bårråt /porːot/ porrâđ /porːað/ borrat /porːat/ poorrâd /porːad/ пӯрраҥе /puːrraŋe/ sīedõ /siːədə/
Drink jovkedh /jovkəh/ juhkat /juhkat/ jukkâđ /jukːað/ juhkat /juhkat/ juukkâd /juːkːad/ югкаҥе /jukkaŋe/ jūodõ /juːədə/
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