ᜏᜒᜃᜅ᜔ ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜔

Old Tagalog

Austronesian (Central Philippine) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyAustronesian (Central Philippine) SpeakersExtinct as classical form (~16c. CE; modern Tagalog descends) ScriptBaybayin (Tagalog script, U+1700; Brahmic-derived abugida) CountriesPre-Hispanic Tagalog regions (Manila, Tondo, Cavite, Laguna) Official inPre-Hispanic Tagalog polities Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3otl

Pre-Hispanic Tagalog was written in Baybayin (also called Alibata), a Brahmic-derived abugida used in Manila, Tondo, and surrounding regions before the Spanish arrival in 1565. The Doctrina Christiana (1593) is the earliest printed work in Baybayin. Modern Filipino/Tagalog largely continues the same vocabulary; the script gradually fell out of use during Spanish colonization in favor of Latin.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Old Tagalog

Water

ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔

/tubiɡ/

Fire

ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔

/apuj/

Sun

ᜀᜇᜏ᜔

/araw/

Moon

ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔

/buwan/

Mother

ᜁᜈ

/ina/

Father

ᜀᜋ

/ama/

Eat

ᜃᜁᜈ᜔

/kain/

Drink

ᜁᜈᜓᜋ᜔

/inom/

Love

ᜁᜊᜒᜄ᜔

/ibiɡ/

Heart

ᜉᜓᜐᜓ

/puso/

Tree

ᜃᜑᜓᜌ᜔

/kahoj/

House

ᜊᜑᜌ᜔

/bahaj/

Dog

ᜀᜐᜓ

/aso/

Cat

ᜉᜓᜐ

/pusa/

Hand

ᜃᜋᜌ᜔

/kamaj/

Eye

ᜋᜆ

/mata/

Hello

ᜋᜊᜓᜑᜌ᜔

/mabuhaj/

Thank you

ᜐᜎᜋᜆ᜔

/salamat/

One

ᜁᜐ

/isa/

Good

ᜋᜊᜓᜆᜒ

/mabuti/

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian (Central Philippine) languages

Meaning Old TagalogMaranaoTagalogTao/YamiCebuanoIriga BicolanoWaray
Water ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ /tubiɡ/ ig /iɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ ranom /ranom/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/
Fire ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔ /apuj/ apoy /apoj/ apoy /ʔaˈpoj/ apuy /apuj/ kalayo /kalajo/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajɔ/
Sun ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ /araw/ alongan /aloŋan/ araw /ˈʔaɾaw/ araw /araw/ adlaw /adlaw/ aldəw /aldəw/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/
Moon ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔ /buwan/ bolan /bolan/ buwan /buwan/ vehan /vehan/ bulan /bulan/ bulən /bulən/ bulan /bulan/
Mother ᜁᜈ /ina/ ina /ina/ ina /ʔiˈna/ ina /ina/ inahan /inahan/ ina /ina/ nanay /nanaj/
Father ᜀᜋ /ama/ ama /ama/ ama /ʔaˈma/ ama /ama/ amahan /amahan/ ama /ama/ tatay /tataj/
Eat ᜃᜁᜈ᜔ /kain/ mangan /maŋan/ kumain /kumaˈʔin/ kuman /kuman/ kaon /kaʔon/ kaən /kaʔən/ kaon /kaʔon/
Drink ᜁᜈᜓᜋ᜔ /inom/ minom /minom/ uminom /ʔumiˈnom/ minum /minum/ inom /inom/ inum /inum/ inom /ʔinɔm/
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