Madhurâ
Madurese
Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian)
Madurese is spoken on Madura Island and the eastern parts of Java. Like Javanese, it has elaborate speech levels reflecting social hierarchy. It preserves geminate consonants and a phonemic /ɛ/ vs /ə/ distinction unusual in the region.
Where it is spoken
31 core words in Madurese
Water
aèng
/aɛŋ/
Fire
apoy
/apɔj/
Sun
are
/are/
Moon
bulen
/bulən/
Star
bintang
/bintaŋ/
Mother
ebu
/əbu/
Father
eppa'
/əppaʔ/
I
sengko'
/səŋkoʔ/
You
ba'na
/baʔna/
Name
nyama
/ɲama/
Eye
mata
/mata/
Hand
tanang
/tanaŋ/
Heart
ate
/atɛ/
Love
tresna
/trɛsna/
Tree
kajuh
/kaju/
House
bengko
/bəŋkɔ/
Dog
pate'
/patɛʔ/
Cat
koceng
/kɔtʃɛŋ/
Eat
ngakan
/ŋakan/
Drink
ngenom
/ŋənɔm/
One
settong
/səttɔŋ/
Two
dhuwa'
/ɖuwaʔ/
Hello
salam
/salam/
Thank you
tarèma kasè
/tarɛma kasɛ/
Good
bagus
/baɡus/
Computer
komputer
/kɔmˈputər/
Sushi
sushi
/ˈsuʃi/
Words compared
Compared with related Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) languages
| Meaning | Madurese | Minangkabau | Iban | Musi | Banjar | Ambon Malay | Malay |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aèng /aɛŋ/ | aia /aia/ | ai /ai/ | ayek /ajek/ | banyu /baɲu/ | aer /aer/ | air /ˈa.ir/ |
| Fire | apoy /apɔj/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ |
| Sun | are /are/ | matoari /matoaɾi/ | mata-ari /mataari/ | matahari /matahari/ | matahari /matahari/ | mata hari /mata hari/ | matahari /matahari/ |
| Moon | bulen /bulən/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Star | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Mother | ebu /əbu/ | amak /amaʔ/ | indai /indai/ | mak /mak/ | uma /uma/ | mama /mama/ | ibu /ibu/ |
| Father | eppa' /əppaʔ/ | abak /abaʔ/ | apai /apai/ | bapak /bapak/ | abah /abah/ | papa /papa/ | ayah /ajah/ |
| I | sengko' /səŋkoʔ/ | ambo /ambo/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | beta /beta/ | saya /saja/ |
| You | ba'na /baʔna/ | ang /aŋ/ | nuan /nuan/ | kau /kau/ | ikam /ikam/ | ose /ose/ | awak /awaʔ/ |
| Name | nyama /ɲama/ | namo /namo/ | nama /nama/ | namo /namo/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ |
| Eye | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Hand | tanang /tanaŋ/ | tangan /taŋan/ | jari /dʒari/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangang /taŋaŋ/ | tangan /taŋan/ |
| Heart | ate /atɛ/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | hati /hati/ | ati /ati/ | hati /hati/ | hati /hati/ |
| Love | tresna /trɛsna/ | cinto /tʃinto/ | rinduai /rinduai/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | cinta /tʃinta/ |
| Tree | kajuh /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | batang /bataŋ/ | pohon /pohon/ | pokok /pokoʔ/ |
| House | bengko /bəŋkɔ/ | rumah /ɾumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | ruma /ruma/ | rumah /rumah/ |
| Dog | pate' /patɛʔ/ | anjiang /aɲdʒiaŋ/ | ukui /ukui/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ |
| Cat | koceng /kɔtʃɛŋ/ | kuciang /kutʃiaŋ/ | mayau /majau/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | pusa /pusa/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ |
| Eat | ngakan /ŋakan/ | makan /makan/ | makai /makai/ | makan /makan/ | makan /makan/ | makang /makaŋ/ | makan /makan/ |
| Drink | ngenom /ŋənɔm/ | minum /minum/ | ngirup /ŋirup/ | minum /minum/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | minong /minoŋ/ | minum /minum/ |
| One | settong /səttɔŋ/ | ciek /tʃieʔ/ | satu /satu/ | siko /siko/ | asa /asa/ | satu /satu/ | satu /satu/ |
| Two | dhuwa' /ɖuwaʔ/ | duo /duo/ | dua /dua/ | duo /duo/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ |
| Hello | salam /salam/ | salam /salam/ | salam /salam/ | halo /halo/ | salam /salam/ | hela /hela/ | hai /hai/ |
| Thank you | tarèma kasè /tarɛma kasɛ/ | tarimo kasiah /taɾimo kasiah/ | terima kasih /terima kasih/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | tarima kase /tarima kase/ | terima kasih /tərima kasih/ |
| Good | bagus /baɡus/ | rancak /ɾantʃaʔ/ | manah /manah/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ | baik /baiʔ/ |
| Computer | komputer /kɔmˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /kɔmˈpu.tə(r)/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | susyi /suʃi/ |
Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.