Коми кыв
Komi-Zyrian
Uralic (Permic)
Komi-Zyrian (Коми кыв Komi kyv) is a Permic Uralic language spoken in the Komi Republic and adjacent regions of northern Russia (Perm Krai, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Murmansk Oblast) by ~160K people. Closely related to Komi-Permyak (koi) and Udmurt (udm), it is co-official with Russian in the Komi Republic. The earliest written form is the 14th-century Old Permic alphabet (Anbur) created by missionary Stephen of Perm in 1372 to evangelize the Komi — one of the earliest indigenous-Russian writing systems. Modern Komi-Zyrian uses Cyrillic with the additional letter І і for /ɨ/ after non-palatalized consonants.
Where it is spoken
20 core words in Komi-Zyrian
Water
ва
/va/
Fire
би
/bi/
Sun
шонді
/ʃondi/
Moon
тӧлысь
/tɵlɨɕ/
Mother
мам
/mam/
Father
бать
/batʲ/
Eat
сёйны
/ɕojnɨ/
Drink
юны
/junɨ/
Love
муслун
/muslun/
Heart
сьӧлӧм
/ɕɵlɵm/
Tree
пу
/pu/
House
керка
/kerka/
Dog
пон
/pon/
Cat
кань
/kanʲ/
Hand
ки
/ki/
Eye
син
/sin/
Hello
видза олан
/vidza olan/
Thank you
аттьӧ
/atʲtʲɵ/
One
ӧти
/ɵti/
Good
бур
/bur/
Sources
- Ethnologue: kpv
- Bartens (2000) Permiläisten kielten rakenne ja kehitys
- Glottolog: komi1268
Words compared
Compared with related Uralic (Permic) languages
| Meaning | Komi-Zyrian | Komi-Permyak | Udmurt | Veps | Võro | Northern Qiang | Shona |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | ва /va/ | ва /va/ | ву /vu/ | vezi /ˈvezi/ | vesi /vesi/ | cu /tsu/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ |
| Fire | би /bi/ | би /bi/ | тыл /tɨl/ | lämoi /ˈlæmoi/ | tuli /tuli/ | mi /mi/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sun | шонді /ʃondi/ | шонді /ʃondi/ | шунды /ʃundɨ/ | päiväine /ˈpæivæine/ | päiv /pæiv/ | mu /mu/ | zuva /zuva/ |
| Moon | тӧлысь /tɵlɨɕ/ | тӧлісь /tɵliɕ/ | толэзь /tolezʲ/ | kuu /kuː/ | kuu /kuː/ | nyi /ɲi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ |
| Mother | мам /mam/ | мам /mam/ | мумы /mumɨ/ | mam /mam/ | imä /imæ/ | ami /ami/ | amai /amai/ |
| Father | бать /batʲ/ | бать /batʲ/ | атай /ataj/ | tat /tat/ | esä /esæ/ | apa /apa/ | baba /baba/ |
| Eat | сёйны /ɕojnɨ/ | сейны /sejnɨ/ | сиыны /siɨnɨ/ | söda /ˈsødæ/ | süümä /syːmæ/ | ndzu /ndzu/ | kudya /kudja/ |
| Drink | юны /junɨ/ | юны /junɨ/ | юыны /juɨnɨ/ | joda /ˈjoda/ | juuma /juːma/ | ndhu /ndʱu/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Love | муслун /muslun/ | радейтӧм /radejtɵm/ | яратон /jaraton/ | armaztada /armasˈtada/ | armastus /ɑrmɑstus/ | halia /halia/ | rudo /ɾudo/ |
| Heart | сьӧлӧм /ɕɵlɵm/ | сьӧлӧм /ɕɵlɵm/ | сюлэм /sʲulem/ | südäin /ˈsydæin/ | süä /syæ/ | shulm /ʃulm/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ |
| Tree | пу /pu/ | пу /pu/ | писпу /pispu/ | pu /pu/ | puu /puː/ | rrm /ʐm/ | muti /muti/ |
| House | керка /kerka/ | керку /kerku/ | корка /korka/ | pert' /pertʲ/ | kotus /kotus/ | stuapa /stuapa/ | imba /imba/ |
| Dog | пон /pon/ | пон /pon/ | пуны /punɨ/ | koir /koir/ | pini /pini/ | kuel /kʷel/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Cat | кань /kanʲ/ | кань /kanʲ/ | коӵыш /kotɕɨʃ/ | kaži /ˈkaʒi/ | kass /kɑsː/ | miu /miu/ | katsi /katsi/ |
| Hand | ки /ki/ | ки /ki/ | ки /ki/ | käzi /ˈkæzi/ | käsi /kæsi/ | ki /ki/ | ruoko /ɾwoko/ |
| Eye | син /sin/ | син /sin/ | син /sin/ | silm /silm/ | silm /silm/ | mil /mil/ | ziso /ziso/ |
| Hello | видза олан /vidza olan/ | бур лун /bur lun/ | ӟечбур /d͡ʑet͡ɕˈbur/ | tervhen /ˈtervhen/ | tere /tere/ | nia ja /nia dʒa/ | mhoro /mhoɾo/ |
| Thank you | аттьӧ /atʲtʲɵ/ | аттьӧ /atʲtʲɵ/ | тау /tau/ | spasib /ˈspasib/ | aitäh /ɑitæh/ | — /—/ | maita /maita/ |
| One | ӧти /ɵti/ | ӧтік /ɵtik/ | одӥг /odiɡ/ | üks' /yksʲ/ | üts /yts/ | lhe /ɬe/ | potsi /potsi/ |
| Good | бур /bur/ | бур /bur/ | умой /umoj/ | hüvä /ˈhyvæ/ | hää /hæː/ | stsuq /stsuq/ | chakanaka /tʃakanaka/ |
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