Iu Mienh

Iu Mien

Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid)

FamilyNiger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid) Speakers~5K ScriptLatin CountriesCameroon (Adamawa Region) Official inNo Vitalitydefinitely-endangered ISO 639-3iuu

Ikulu (Iku-Gora-Ankwa, Bakulu) is a Plateau language of central Nigeria and adjacent Cameroon, with ~5K speakers, sometimes classified within the broader Benue-Congo Bantoid grouping. Closely related to Ninzo, Mada, and Eggon Plateau languages. The Ikulu people are mostly bilingual in Hausa as the regional lingua franca and in English as the school language. Like other Nigerian Plateau languages, Ikulu has a noun-class system simplified compared to canonical Bantu, complex tonal phonology with at least three tones, and ATR vowel harmony. Limited published documentation; no significant literary tradition. Mostly oral transmission within Ikulu villages.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Iu Mien

Water

wuom

/wuom˧/

Fire

douz

/dou˨˧/

Sun

hnoi

/hnoi˧/

Moon

hlaax

/hlaː˨˧/

Mother

maa

/maː˧/

Father

diex

/die˨˧/

Eat

nyanc

/ɲan˨˩/

Drink

hopv

/hop˦/

Love

hnamv

/hnam˦/

Heart

mba'y-fim

/mbai˧fim˧/

Tree

ndiangx

/ndiaŋ˨˧/

House

biauv

/biau˦/

Dog

juv

/d͡ʒu˦/

Cat

mbao

/mbao˧/

Hand

buoz

/buo˨˧/

Eye

m'zing

/m̩ziŋ˧/

Hello

yiem-longx

/jiem˧loŋ˨˧/

Thank you

laengz

/laŋ˨˧/

One

yietc

/jiet˨˩/

Good

longx

/loŋ˨˧/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantoid) languages

Meaning Iu MienChengdu MandarinAzheKunming MandarinLanyin MandarinPwo KarenKaifeng Mandarin
Water wuom /wuom˧/ /suei˥˧/ ʑɿ /ʑɿ˧˧/ /suei˥˧/ /sui˥˧/ ထံ /tʰi˧/ /ʂuei˥˧/
Fire douz /dou˨˧/ /xo˥˧/ mi /mi˧˧/ /xo˥˧/ /xo˥˧/ မ့ၣ် /me˨˩/ /xuo˥˧/
Sun hnoi /hnoi˧/ 太阳 /tʰai˨˩˧iaŋ˨˩/ ŋni /ŋnʲi˧˧/ 太阳 /tʰæ˨˩˨iaŋ˧˩/ 日头 /ʐɨ˨˦tʰəu˨˦/ မုန် /mu˧/ 日头 /ʐəɻ˧˩˨tʰou˦˨/
Moon hlaax /hlaː˨˧/ 月亮 /ye˨˩lia̠ŋ˨˩˧/ ɬɛ /ɬɛ˧˧/ 月亮 /ye˧˩liaŋ˨˩˨/ 月亮 /yɛ˦˦ljaŋ/ လး /la˧/ 月亮 /yɛ˦˨liaŋ˧˩˨/
Mother maa /maː˧/ 妈妈 /ma˥ma/ amo /amo˧˧/ /ma˦˦/ /ma˧˧/ မိ /mu˧˥/ /ma˨˦/
Father diex /die˨˧/ 爸爸 /pa˨˩˧pa/ ada /ada˧˧/ /tie˦˦/ /pa˥˧/ ဖါ /pa˧/ /tiɛ˨˦/
Eat nyanc /ɲan˨˩/ /tsʰɿ˨˩/ dza /dza˧˧/ /tsʰʅ˦˦/ /tʂʰɨ˧˧/ အၢင် /ai˧˩/ /tʂʰʅ˨˦/
Drink hopv /hop˦/ /xo˨˩/ du /du˧˧/ /xo˦˦/ /xɛ˧˧/ အူ /ɔ˧/ /xɤ˨˦/
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