Юпик ситвэлкэн

Central Siberian Yupik

Eskimo-Aleut (Yupik branch — sister to Central Alaskan Yupʼik (esu) and Aleut)

FamilyEskimo-Aleut (Yupik branch — sister to Central Alaskan Yupʼik (esu) and Aleut) Speakers~1K (~400 fluent + ~500 partial speakers) ScriptCyrillic CountriesUSA (Alaska — St. Lawrence Island), Russia (Chukotka) Official inNo (Russia: recognized indigenous people of the Russian North; USA: federally recognized tribes) Vitalitydefinitely endangered ISO 639-3ess

Central Siberian Yupik (Юпик ситвэлкэн Yupik sityelken) is the language spoken on Saint Lawrence Island (USA) and the Chukchi Peninsula (Russia), occupying the Bering Strait between the two countries. It belongs to the Yupik branch of Eskimo-Aleut, distinct from Central Alaskan Yupʼik (esu) and Inuit varieties (Inupiaq ipk, Inuktitut iu, Greenlandic kl). The Saint Lawrence Island Yupik community of Gambell and Savoonga has maintained the language under Alaska's bilingual education programs since the 1970s. Russian-side speakers in Provideniya are more pressured by Russian. Linguistically, the language has classic Eskimo-Aleut features: agglutinative polysynthesis with up to 100+ derivational suffixes per word, ergative-absolutive alignment, and dual + plural number distinctions.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Central Siberian Yupik

Water

мэк

/mək/

Fire

кэныг

/kənəɡ/

Sun

маасьихта

/maːsʲixta/

Moon

аасʼта

/aːsʼta/

Star

агьяӄ

/aɣjaq/

Mother

аакаг

/aːkaɡ/

Father

аатаг

/aːtaɡ/

I

хванга

/xʷaŋa/

You

элпэк

/əɬpək/

Name

атэӄ

/atəq/

Eye

ии

/iː/

Hand

унаак

/unaːk/

Heart

эунгэк

/əuŋək/

Love

сахвэк

/saxvək/

Tree

эивкʼак

/əivkʼak/

House

нэӈэн

/nəŋən/

Dog

кагилхак

/kaɡilxak/

Cat

пусʼик

/pusʼik/

Eat

нэвлэк

/nəvlək/

Drink

эвлэк

/əvlək/

One

атасʼек

/atasʼek/

Two

малгʼук

/maɬʁuk/

Hello

аипак

/aipak/

Thank you

игамсиӄанаӄ

/iɡamsiqanaq/

Good

асʼилкʼа

/asʼilkʼa/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Eskimo-Aleut (Yupik branch — sister to Central Alaskan Yupʼik (esu) and Aleut) languages

Meaning Central Siberian YupikCentral Alaskan YupikGreenlandicInupiaqInuktitutKulluiOld Khmer
Water мэк /mək/ meq /meq/ imeq /imeq/ imiq /imiq/ ᐃᒪᖅ /imaq/ पाणी /paːɳiː/ ទឹក /tik/
Fire кэныг /kənəɡ/ keneq /keneq/ ikuallaq /ikuaɬːaq/ igniq /iɡniq/ ᐃᑯᒪ /ikuma/ आग /aːɡ/ ភ្លើង /pʰlɤːŋ/
Sun маасьихта /maːsʲixta/ akerta /akerta/ seqineq /seqineq/ siqiñiq /siqiɲiq/ ᓯᕿᓂᖅ /siqiniq/ सूरज /suːɾədʒ/ ព្រះអាទិត្យ /preh ʔaːtit/
Moon аасʼта /aːsʼta/ iraluq /iraluq/ qaammat /qaːmːat/ tatqiq /tatqiq/ ᑕᖅᑭᖅ /taqːiq/ चांद /tʃãːd/ ខែ /kʰae/
Star агьяӄ /aɣjaq/ agyaq /aɣjaq/ ulloriaq /uɬːɔʁiaq/ uvluġiaq /uvluʁiaq/ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᖅ /ulˈluːriaq/ तारा /t̪aːra/ ផ្កាយ /pkaːj/
Mother аакаг /aːkaɡ/ aana /aːna/ anaana /anaːna/ aaka /aːka/ ᐊᓈᓇ /anaːna/ आमा /aːma/ មាតា /maːtaː/
Father аатаг /aːtaɡ/ ata /ata/ ataata /ataːta/ aapa /aːpa/ ᐊᑖᑕ /ataːta/ बाबा /baːba/ បិតា /pitaː/
I хванга /xʷaŋa/ wiinga /wiːŋa/ uanga /uaŋa/ uvaŋa /uvaŋa/ ᐅᕙᖓ /uˈvaŋa/ हौं /hãũ/ អញ /ʔaɲ/
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