bosanski

Bosnian

Indo-European (South Slavic, Western)

FamilyIndo-European (South Slavic, Western) Speakers~2.5M ScriptLatin (primary, Gajica); Cyrillic (also used) CountriesBosnia and Herzegovina; Serbia (Sandžak); Montenegro; diaspora Official inBosnia and Herzegovina Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3bos

Bosnian (bosanski) is one of the three official standard varieties of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian (BCMS) South Slavic language alongside Croatian (hr) and Serbian (sr), with Montenegrin (cnr) as a fourth recognized standard. Bosnian distinguishes itself by retaining Turkish-Arabic-Persian loanwords (turcizmi: lokum, kahva, džamija, sevdah) reflecting Ottoman-era Muslim heritage, by using preserved /h/ in words where Croatian/Serbian dropped it (lahko vs lako), and by the standardized Latin alphabet (Gajica). Spoken by ~2.5M people, primarily Bosniaks of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with diaspora in Serbia's Sandžak and the Bosnian diaspora abroad. Co-official with Croatian and Serbian in Bosnia.

Where it is spoken

20 core words in Bosnian

Water

voda

/ˈvoda/

Fire

vatra

/ˈvatra/

Sun

sunce

/ˈsunt͡se/

Moon

mjesec

/ˈmjɛset͡s/

Mother

majka

/ˈmajka/

Father

otac

/ˈotat͡s/

Eat

jesti

/ˈjɛsti/

Drink

piti

/ˈpiti/

Love

ljubav

/ˈʎubav/

Heart

srce

/ˈsr̩t͡se/

Tree

drvo

/ˈdr̩vo/

House

kuća

/ˈkut͡ɕa/

Dog

pas

/pas/

Cat

mačka

/ˈmat͡ʃka/

Hand

ruka

/ˈruka/

Eye

oko

/ˈoko/

Hello

zdravo

/ˈzdravo/

Thank you

hvala

/ˈxvala/

One

jedan

/ˈjɛdan/

Good

dobar

/ˈdobar/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Indo-European (South Slavic, Western) languages

Meaning BosnianSerbianCroatianRusynMacedonianSlovakCzech
Water voda /ˈvoda/ вода /ˈʋoda/ voda /ˈʋoda/ вода /ˈvoda/ вода /ˈvɔda/ voda /ˈvoda/ voda /ˈvoda/
Fire vatra /ˈvatra/ ватра /ˈʋatra/ vatra /ˈʋatra/ огень /ˈohenʲ/ оган /ˈɔɡan/ oheň /ˈoɦeɲ/ oheň /ˈoɦɛɲ/
Sun sunce /ˈsunt͡se/ сунце /ˈsunt͡se/ sunce /ˈsuːnt͡se/ сонце /ˈsont͡se/ сонце /ˈsɔnt͡sɛ/ slnko /ˈsl̩nko/ slunce /ˈslunt͡sɛ/
Moon mjesec /ˈmjɛset͡s/ месец /ˈmɛsɛt͡s/ mjesec /ˈmjeseːt͡s/ місяць /ˈmʲisʲat͡sʲ/ месечина /mɛˈsɛt͡ʃina/ mesiac /ˈmɛsɪat͡s/ měsíc /ˈmɲɛsiːt͡s/
Mother majka /ˈmajka/ мајка /ˈmajka/ majka /ˈmaːjka/ мати /ˈmati/ мајка /ˈmajka/ matka /ˈmatka/ matka /ˈmatka/
Father otac /ˈotat͡s/ отац /ˈotat͡s/ otac /ˈotat͡s/ отець /ˈotet͡sʲ/ татко /ˈtatkɔ/ otec /ˈotɛt͡s/ otec /ˈotɛt͡s/
Eat jesti /ˈjɛsti/ јести /ˈjɛsti/ jesti /ˈjɛsti/ їсти /ˈjisti/ јаде /ˈjadɛ/ jesť /jɛsc/ jíst /jiːst/
Drink piti /ˈpiti/ пити /ˈpiti/ piti /ˈpiːti/ пити /ˈpiti/ пие /ˈpiɛ/ piť /pɪc/ pít /piːt/
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