Pangcah

Amis

Austronesian (East Formosan)

FamilyAustronesian (East Formosan) Speakers~200K ScriptLatin (CIP romanization) CountriesTaiwan (East Coast: Hualien, Taitung) Official inTaiwan (national language since 2017 Indigenous Languages Development Act) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3ami

Amis (Pangcah) is the largest of Taiwan's recognized indigenous Austronesian languages, spoken on the east coast in Hualien and Taitung. Verb-initial (VOS), with a focus system marking participant roles on the verb. Several major dialect clusters (Sakizaya, Northern, Central, Coastal, Southern Amis). Recognized as a national language under the 2017 Indigenous Languages Development Act.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Amis

Water

nanom

/nanom/

Fire

namal

/namal/

Sun

cidal

/tsiðal/

Moon

folad

/folað/

Star

fo'is

/foʔis/

Mother

ina

/ina/

Father

ama

/ama/

I

kako

/kako/

You

kiso

/kiso/

Name

ngangan

/ŋaŋan/

Eye

mata

/mata/

Hand

kamay

/kamaj/

Heart

faloko'

/falokoʔ/

Love

maolah

/maolah/

Tree

kilang

/kilaŋ/

House

loma'

/lomaʔ/

Dog

wacu

/watsu/

Cat

posi

/posi/

Eat

komaen

/komaən/

Drink

minom

/minom/

One

cecay

/tsetsaj/

Two

tosa

/tosaʔ/

Hello

nga'ay ho

/ŋaʔaj ho/

Thank you

aray

/araj/

Good

kapah

/kapah/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian (East Formosan) languages

Meaning AmisSakizayaTao/YamiMaranaoThaoOld TagalogBunun
Water nanom /nanom/ nanum /nanum/ ranom /ranom/ ig /iɡ/ nanum /nanum/ ᜆᜓᜊᜒᜄ᜔ /tubiɡ/ danum /danum/
Fire namal /namal/ lamal /lamal/ apuy /apuj/ apoy /apoj/ apuy /apuj/ ᜀᜉᜓᜌ᜔ /apuj/ sapuz /sapuz/
Sun cidal /tsiðal/ cidal /tʃidal/ araw /araw/ alongan /aloŋan/ fitulha /fituʎa/ ᜀᜇᜏ᜔ /araw/ vali /vali/
Moon folad /folað/ bulad /bulad/ vehan /vehan/ bolan /bolan/ furaz /fuɾað/ ᜊᜓᜏᜈ᜔ /buwan/ buan /buan/
Star fo'is /foʔis/ bo'is /boʔis/ vituen /vituən/ bito-on /bitoʔon/ fitu'ish /fituʔiʃ/ ᜊᜒᜆᜓᜁᜈ᜔ /bituʔin/ bintuhan /bintuhan/
Mother ina /ina/ ina /ina/ ina /ina/ ina /ina/ ina /ina/ ᜁᜈ /ina/ tina /tina/
Father ama /ama/ ama /ama/ ama /ama/ ama /ama/ ama /ama/ ᜀᜋ /ama/ tama /tama/
I kako /kako/ zaku /ʐaku/ yaken /jakən/ ako /ako/ yaku /jaku/ ᜀᜃᜓ /ako/ saikin /saikin/
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