التشوفاشية

Chuvash (Чӑвашла Čăvašla) is the sole surviving Oghur Turkic language and represents the deepest split in the Turkic family — Common Turkic on one side and Chuvash (Oghur) on the other, with ~1M speakers along the middle Volga. It preserves Proto-Turkic features lost elsewhere in Turkic: rhotacism (Common Turkic z ↔ Chuvash r, e.g. CT "ökü͡z" cattle ↔ Chuv "văkăr") and lambdacism (Common Turkic š ↔ Chuvash l), making it crucial for historical reconstruction of the Proto-Turkic ancestor. The direct descendant of the medieval Volga Bulgar language attested in 13th-14th c. tombstones, Chuvash is co-official with Russian in the Republic of Chuvashia (capital Cheboksary). The Cyrillic script with diacritics (Ӑ ӑ Ӗ ӗ Ҫ ҫ Ӳ ӳ) has been standard since 1872 (Yakovlev orthography), replacing earlier brief experiments with Arabic and Latin scripts.