Pārthawānīg
Partico
indoeuropeo (Iranica, Middle, nord-occidentale) · varietà storica / nascosta
Il partico è la lingua dell’Impero partico (dinastia arsacide, 247 a.C. – 224 d.C.) e, insieme al medio-persiano, è una delle principali lingue medio-iraniche. Utilizzava la scrittura partica, derivata dall’aramaico imperiale, e fu infine soppiantato dal medio-persiano con l’ascesa dei sasanidi.
Dove si parla
31 parole essenziali in Partico
Acqua
āb
/aːb/
Fuoco
ādar
/aːdar/
Sole
xwar
/xwar/
Luna
māh
/maːh/
Stella
astārag
/asˈtaːraɡ/
Madre
mād
/maːd/
Padre
pid
/pid/
Io
az
/az/
Tu
tu
/tuː/
Nome
nām
/naːm/
Occhio
čašm
/tʃaʃm/
Mano
dast
/dast/
Cuore
zyrd
/zird/
Amore
friyādan
/frijaːdan/
Albero
dār
/daːr/
Casa
xānag
/xaːnaɡ/
Cane
spag
/spaɡ/
Gatto
—
/—/
Mangiare
xward-
/xward/
Bere
pī-
/piː/
Uno
ēw
/eːw/
Due
dō
/doː/
Ciao
drōd
/droːd/
Grazie
spās
/spaːs/
Buono
nēw
/neːw/
Fonti
- Durkin-Meisterernst (2004) Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian
- Sundermann — Parthian language and literature
- Glottolog: part1239
- Ethnologue: xpr
Parole a confronto
Confrontato con le lingue Indo-European (Iranian, Middle, Northwestern) correlate
| Significato | Partico | Medio-persiano (pahlavi) | Persiano (Classico) | Sogdiano | Avestico | Persiano antico | Scita |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | āb /aːb/ | 𐭠𐭯 /aːb/ | آب /aːb/ | ʾāp /aːp/ | 𐬁𐬞 /aːp/ | 𐎠𐎱 /aːpi/ | ap /ap/ |
| Fuoco | ādar /aːdar/ | 𐭠𐭲𐭱 /aːtaʃ/ | آتش /aːtaʃ/ | ʾātar /aːtar/ | 𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 /aːtar/ | 𐎠𐎫𐎼 /aːtar/ | ātar /aːtar/ |
| Sole | xwar /xwar/ | 𐭧𐭥𐭫𐭱𐭩𐭲 /xwarʃeːd/ | خورشید /xʷarʃeːd/ | xwr /xwar/ | 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 /huwarə/ | 𐏃𐎢𐎺𐎼 /huwar/ | hvar /xʷar/ |
| Luna | māh /maːh/ | 𐭬𐭠𐭧 /maːh/ | ماه /maːh/ | mʾx /maːx/ | 𐬨𐬁𐬵 /maːh/ | 𐎶𐎠𐏃 /maːha/ | māh /maːh/ |
| Stella | astārag /asˈtaːraɡ/ | 𐭮𐭲𐭠𐭫𐭪 /staːrag/ | ستاره /sitaːra/ | stāre /staːre/ | 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭 /star/ | 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎼 /staːra/ | star /staːr/ |
| Madre | mād /maːd/ | 𐭬𐭠𐭲𐭫 /maːdar/ | مادر /maːdar/ | mʾtr /maːtar/ | 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 /maːtar/ | 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎼 /maːtar/ | mātar /maːtar/ |
| Padre | pid /pid/ | 𐭯𐭩𐭲𐭫 /pidar/ | پدر /pidar/ | ptr /pitar/ | 𐬞𐬌𐬙𐬀𐬭 /pitar/ | 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 /pitaː/ | pitar /pitar/ |
| Io | az /az/ | 𐭠𐭭 /an/ | من /man/ | azu /azu/ | 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 /azəm/ | 𐎠𐎭𐎶 /adam/ | azu /azu/ |
| Tu | tu /tuː/ | 𐭲𐭥 /toː/ | تو /toː/ | tγu /tɣu/ | 𐬙𐬏𐬨 /tuːm/ | 𐎬𐎢𐎺𐎶 /tuvam/ | tu /tuː/ |
| Nome | nām /naːm/ | 𐭭𐭠𐭬 /naːm/ | نام /naːm/ | nām /naːm/ | 𐬥𐬁𐬨𐬀𐬥 /naːman/ | 𐎴𐎠𐎶 /naːma/ | nama /naːma/ |
| Occhio | čašm /tʃaʃm/ | 𐭰𐭱𐭬 /tʃaʃm/ | چشم /tʃaʃm/ | cšm /tʃaʃm/ | 𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 /tʃaʃman/ | 𐏂𐏁𐎶𐎴 /tʃaʃman/ | čašm /tʃaʃm/ |
| Mano | dast /dast/ | 𐭣𐭮𐭲 /dast/ | دست /dast/ | dst /dast/ | 𐬰𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀 /zasta/ | 𐎭𐎿𐎫 /dasta/ | zasta /zasta/ |
| Cuore | zyrd /zird/ | 𐭣𐭩𐭫 /dil/ | دل /dil/ | δrzy /ðərʒeː/ | 𐬰𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬛 /zərəd/ | 𐏀𐎼𐎭 /zard/ | zard- /zard/ |
| Amore | friyādan /frijaːdan/ | 𐭲𐭥𐭱𐭩 /doːʃiː/ | عشق /ʔiʃq/ | frytk /friːtak/ | 𐬟𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 /frija/ | 𐎳𐎼𐎡𐎹 /frija/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | dār /daːr/ | 𐭣𐭫𐭧𐭲 /draxt/ | درخت /diraxt/ | drxt /draxt/ | 𐬬𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬀 /waesa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Casa | xānag /xaːnaɡ/ | 𐭧𐭠𐭭𐭪 /xaːnaɡ/ | خانه /xaːna/ | kṯʾk /kaθaːk/ | 𐬥𐬨𐬁𐬥𐬀 /nmaːna/ | 𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹 /maːnija/ | — /—/ |
| Cane | spag /spaɡ/ | 𐭮𐭢 /saɡ/ | سگ /saɡ/ | ʾkw /aːkuː/ | 𐬯𐬞𐬁 /spaː/ | 𐎿𐎱𐎣 /spaka/ | spaka /spaka/ |
| Gatto | — /—/ | 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭡𐭢 /ɡurbaɡ/ | گربه /ɡurba/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mangiare | xward- /xward/ | 𐭧𐭥𐭫𐭲𐭭 /xwardan/ | خوردن /xʷurdan/ | xwartan /xwartan/ | 𐬑𐬬𐬀𐬭 /xwar/ | 𐎧𐎼 /xar/ | xwartan /xʷartan/ |
| Bere | pī- /piː/ | 𐭭𐭥𐭱𐭩𐭲𐭭 /noːʃiːdan/ | آشامیدن /aːʃaːmiːdan/ | pi- /pi/ | 𐬞𐬁 /paː/ | 𐎱𐎠 /paː/ | — /—/ |
| Uno | ēw /eːw/ | 𐭠𐭩𐭪 /eːk/ | یک /jak/ | yw /jɛw/ | 𐬀𐬉𐬬𐬀 /aewa/ | 𐎠𐎡𐎺 /aiwa/ | aiwa /aiwa/ |
| Due | dō /doː/ | 𐭣𐭥 /doː/ | دو /doː/ | aδwa /aðwa/ | 𐬛𐬬𐬀 /dva/ | 𐎯𐎢𐎺 /duva/ | duva /duva/ |
| Ciao | drōd /droːd/ | 𐭣𐭫𐭥𐭲 /droːd/ | درود /duruːd/ | drwd /druːd/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | spās /spaːs/ | 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭮 /spaːs/ | سپاس /sipaːs/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | nēw /neːw/ | 𐭥𐭩𐭧 /weh/ | نیک /neːk/ | nyk /neːk/ | 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎 /vohu/ | 𐎴𐎡𐎲 /naiba/ | vohu /wohu/ |
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