Chamoru

Chamorro

Austronesian (Western Malayo-Polynesian)

FamilyAustronesian (Western Malayo-Polynesian) Speakers~50K ScriptLatin CountriesGuam, Northern Mariana Islands Official inGuam, CNMI (with English) Vitalityvulnerable ISO 639-3cha

Chamorro (Finu' Chamoru) is the indigenous language of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands (a U.S. territory and a U.S. commonwealth respectively), with ~50K speakers. Co-official with English in both Guam and the CNMI. Centuries of Spanish rule (1565–1898) left an enormous Spanish vocabulary layer (estimates of ~50%+ Spanish-derived) and the noun phrase has been thoroughly restructured around Spanish patterns (definite/indefinite articles, the personal "a"). Verb-initial Philippine-type morphosyntax, focus/voice system. Closely related to other Western Malayo-Polynesian languages of the Philippines and Indonesia.

Where it is spoken

31 core words in Chamorro

Water

hånom

/ˈhɑnom/

Fire

guafi

/ɡʷafi/

Sun

atdao

/atdao/

Moon

pulan

/pulan/

Star

puti'on

/putiˈʔon/

Mother

nana

/nana/

Father

tata

/tata/

I

guåhu

/ˈɡwɑhu/

You

hågu

/ˈhɑgu/

Name

na'an

/ˈnaʔan/

Eye

måta

/ˈmɑtæ/

Hand

kånnai

/kaːnnai/

Heart

korason

/koɾason/

Love

guaiya

/ɡʷaidza/

Tree

trongkon

/tɾoŋkon/

House

guma'

/ɡumaʔ/

Dog

ga'lågu

/ɡaʔlaːɡu/

Cat

katu

/katu/

Eat

kånno'

/kaːnnoʔ/

Drink

gimen

/ɡimen/

One

unu

/unu/

Two

dos

/dos/

Hello

håfa adai

/haːfa adai/

Thank you

si yu'os ma'åse'

/si juʔos maʔaːseʔ/

Good

maolek

/maolek/

Computer

kompiuta

/komˈpiuta/

Sources

Words compared

Compared with related Austronesian (Western Malayo-Polynesian) languages

Meaning ChamorroHiligaynonBikol CentralWarayCebuanoNorth Moluccan MalayIndonesian
Water hånom /ˈhɑnom/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ tubig /tubiɡ/ aer /aer/ air /ˈa.ir/
Fire guafi /ɡʷafi/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajo/ kalayo /kalajɔ/ kalayo /kalajo/ api /api/ api /api/
Sun atdao /atdao/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/ saldang /salˈdaŋ/ adlaw /ʔadlaw/ adlaw /adlaw/ matahari /matahari/ matahari /matahari/
Moon pulan /pulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/ bulan /bulan/
Star puti'on /putiˈʔon/ bituon /bituˈʔon/ bitoon /bituʔon/ bitoon /bituʔon/ bituon /bituˈʔon/ bintang /bintaŋ/ bintang /bintaŋ/
Mother nana /nana/ nanay /nanaj/ nanay /nanaj/ nanay /nanaj/ inahan /inahan/ mama /mama/ ibu /ibu/
Father tata /tata/ tatay /tataj/ tatay /tataj/ tatay /tataj/ amahan /amahan/ papa /papa/ ayah /ajah/
I guåhu /ˈɡwɑhu/ ako /ʔaˈko/ ako /ʔako/ ako /ʔako/ ako /ʔaˈko/ kita /kita/ saya /saja/
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