青田話

Qingtian Wu

Sinitic (Wu)

FamilySinitic (Wu) Speakers約25万人 (青田県) + 欧州ディアスポラ多数 Region浙江省麗水市青田県 — 甌江片呉語、温州の上流。イタリア(プラート)・スペイン・オランダ・ポルトガル華人ディアスポラの母方言 RomanizationQingtian romanization (調值 tone-value) ReadingQingtian Wu (Oujiang)

An Oujiang Wu (甌江片) variety of Qingtian County, Lishui, Zhejiang — upstream from Wenzhou on the Ou River and very close to Wenzhou Wu, sharing its roughly eight-tone system and complex tone sandhi. It is the ancestral home topolect of the great majority of Chinese communities in Italy (Prato), Spain, the Netherlands and Portugal, making it the demographic backbone of the European Chinese diaspora.

Where it is spoken

Han character readings in Qingtian Wu

Character Meaning Reading Form IPA
one yi²³ /ji˨˧/
two nyi²² /ɲi˨˨/
three sa⁴⁴ /sa˦˦/
four sy⁴² /sɿ˦˨/
five ng²² /ŋ̍˨˨/
six lieu²¹³ /lɤu˨˩˧/
seven tshei²³ /tsʰei˨˧/
eight po²³ /po˨˧/
nine jiau³⁵ /tɕiau˧˥/
ten zai²¹³ /zai˨˩˧/
sun nyai²¹³ /ȵai˨˩˧/
moon hhy²¹³ /ɦy˨˩˧/
mountain sa⁴⁴ /sa˦˦/
water sy³⁵ /sz̩˧˥/
fire fu³⁵ /fu˧˥/
tree moe²¹³ /mø˨˩˧/
soil thou³⁵ /tʰəu˧˥/
sky thi⁴⁴ /tʰi˦˦/
ground di²² /di˨˨/
sea ha³⁵ /ha˧˥/
dragon leng³¹ /leŋ˧˩/
tiger hu³⁵ /hu˧˥/
dog qy³⁵ /tɕʰy˧˥/
horse mo³⁵ /mo˧˥/
bird tie³⁵ /tiɛ˧˥/
fish hhy³¹ /ɦy˧˩/
ox ngau³¹ /ŋau˧˩/
sheep hhi³¹ /ji˧˩/
cat mau⁴⁴ /mau˦˦/
person zang³¹ /zaŋ˧˩/
hand siau³⁵ /ɕiau˧˥/
foot jy²³ /tɕy˨˧/
eye moe²¹³ /mø˨˩˧/
ear ngai³¹ /ŋai˧˩/
mouth khau³⁵ /kʰau˧˥/
head dou³¹ /dɤu˧˩/
heart sang⁴⁴ /saŋ˦˦/
blood xyo²³ /ɕɥɵ˨˧/
meat nyau²¹³ /ȵau˨˩˧/
up jio²² /jɔ˨˨/
down hho²² /ɦo˨˨/
middle jiong⁴⁴ /tɕyoŋ˦˦/
hit jiong⁴² /tɕyoŋ˦˨/
center i⁴⁴ /ji˦˦/
left tsau³⁵ /tsau˧˥/
right hhau²² /jau˨˨/
east tong⁴⁴ /toŋ˦˦/
西 west sei⁴⁴ /sei˦˦/
south na³¹ /na˧˩/
north peu²³ /pɤ˨˧/
go hha³¹ /ɦa˧˩/
row hho³¹ /ɦo˧˩/
come le³¹ /le˧˩/
leave qei⁴² /tɕʰei˦˨/
see ji⁴² /tɕi˦˨/
hear vang³¹ /vaŋ˧˩/
eat zai²¹³ /zai˨˩˧/
drink ai³⁵ /ʔai˧˥/
run tsau³⁵ /tsau˧˥/
sit zo³⁵ /zo˧˥/
stand lai²¹³ /lai˨˩˧/

Sources

Han readings compared

Compared with related Sinitic (Wu) languages

Character Qingtian WuWenzhou WuNingbo WuGui-Liu MandarinShanghaineseJinhua WuKunming Mandarin
yi²³ /ji˨˧/ yi²¹³ /ji˨˩˧/ iq7 /iəʔ˥˥/ yi³¹ /i˧˩/ iq7 /ɪʔ˥˥/ iq⁵⁵ /iəʔ˥˥/ yi³¹ /i˧˩/
nyi²² /ɲi˨˨/ nyi²² /ɲi˨˨/ gni6 /ɲi˨˩˧/ er²⁴ /ɚ˨˦/ gni6 /ɲi˨˧/ nyi²¹³ /n̩˨˩˧/ er²¹² /ɚ˨˩˨/
sa⁴⁴ /sa˦˦/ sa³³ /sa˧˧/ se1 /sɛ˥˧/ san⁴⁴ /san˦˦/ se1 /sɛ˥˧/ sa³³ /sã˧˧/ san⁴⁴ /sã˦˦/
sy⁴² /sɿ˦˨/ sy⁴² /sɿ˦˨/ sy5 /sz̩˥˩/ si²⁴ /sɿ˨˦/ sy5 /sɿ˧˥/ sy⁵³ /sz̩˥˧/ si²¹² /sɿ˨˩˨/
ng²² /ŋ̍˨˨/ ng²² /ŋ̍˨˨/ ng6 /ŋ̍˨˩˧/ wu⁵³ /u˥˧/ ng6 /ŋ̍˨˧/ ng²¹³ /ŋ˨˩˧/ wu⁵³ /u˥˧/
lieu²¹³ /lɤu˨˩˧/ lieu²¹³ /lɤu˨˩˧/ loq8 /loʔ˨˩˧/ lou³¹ /lou˧˩/ loq8 /loʔ˩˨/ lieu²⁴ /liu˨˦/ liu³¹ /liu˧˩/
tshei²³ /tsʰei˨˧/ tshei²¹³ /tsʰei˨˩˧/ tshiq7 /tsʰiʔ˥˥/ ci³¹ /tsʰi˧˩/ chiq7 /tɕʰɪʔ˥˥/ tshiq⁵⁵ /t͡sʰiəʔ˥˥/ qi³¹ /tɕʰi˧˩/
po²³ /po˨˧/ po²¹³ /po˨˩˧/ paq7 /pɐʔ˥˥/ ba³¹ /pa˧˩/ paq7 /pɐʔ˥˥/ paq⁵⁵ /pɒʔ˥˥/ ba³¹ /pa˧˩/
jiau³⁵ /tɕiau˧˥/ jiau³⁵ /tɕiau˧˥/ cieu3 /tɕiɤɯ˧˥/ jiu⁵³ /tɕiou˥˧/ cieu5 /tɕiɤɯ˧˥/ jieu⁵³⁵ /tɕiɤɯ˥˧˥/ jiu⁵³ /tɕiou˥˧/
zai²¹³ /zai˨˩˧/ zai²¹³ /zai˨˩˧/ zeq8 /zəʔ˨˩˧/ si³¹ /sɿ˧˩/ zeq8 /zəʔ˩˨/ zeq²¹² /zəʔ˨˩˨/ si³¹ /sɿ˧˩/
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