Guugu Yimidhirr
Guugu Yimithirr
Pama-Nyungan (Paman, eastern Cape York)
Guugu Yimithirr ist eine Pama-Nyungan-Sprache (Paman-Untergruppe) und wird in Hopevale nördlich von Cooktown im äußersten Norden von Queensland von rund 700-800 Menschen gesprochen. In der kognitiven Linguistik berühmt für ihr absolutes Himmelsrichtungs-Referenzsystem: gungga (Norden), jiba (Süden), naga (Osten), guwa (Westen) statt der in europäischen Sprachen üblichen egozentrischen Links/Rechts-Achse (Levinson 1992, 1997). Sie ist außerdem die Quellsprache des englischen Wortes „kangaroo" (gangurru). Haviland (1979) ist die zentrale Darstellung.
Wo es gesprochen wird
20 Kernwörter in Guugu Yimithirr
Wasser
buurraay
/buːraːj/
Feuer
—
/—/
Sonne
ngalan
/ŋalan/
Mond
giitha
/ɡiːt̪a/
Mutter
ngamu
/ŋamu/
Vater
biiba
/biːba/
Essen
budal
/budal/
Trinken
—
/—/
Liebe
—
/—/
Herz
—
/—/
Baum
yugu
/juɡu/
Haus
bayan
/bajan/
Hund
gudaa
/ɡudaː/
Katze
buthigan
/but̪iɡan/
Hand
mungal
/muŋal/
Auge
miil
/miːl/
Hallo
—
/—/
Danke
—
/—/
Eins
nubuun
/nubuːn/
Gut
awuun
/awuːn/
Quellen
- Haviland (1979) "Guugu Yimidhirr" in Dixon & Blake (eds.) Handbook of Australian Languages vol. 1, pp.27-180
- Haviland (1979) Guugu Yimidhirr Sketch Grammar (ANU Press)
- Levinson (1992, 1997) "Language and Cognition: The Cognitive Consequences of Spatial Description in Guugu Yimithirr" J. Linguistic Anthropology 7:1
- Glottolog: Guugu Yimithirr (gugu1255)
- Ethnologue: kky
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Pama-Nyungan (Paman, eastern Cape York)-Sprachen
| Bedeutung | Guugu Yimithirr | Lardil | Etruskisch | Yangkaal | Phrygisch | Pyu | Oskisch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | buurraay /buːraːj/ | kantha /kanθa/ | — /—/ | ngogo /ŋoɡo/ | — /—/ | ʔuy /uj/ | — /—/ |
| Feuer | — /—/ | jalul /d͡ʒalul/ | — /—/ | ngida /ŋida/ | — /—/ | vyaŋ /wjaŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Sonne | ngalan /ŋalan/ | thurara /θuɾaɾa/ | usil /ˈuzil/ | wargu /waɾɡu/ | — /—/ | ño /ɲo/ | — /—/ |
| Mond | giitha /ɡiːt̪a/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | tiur /ˈtiur/ | waldar /waldaɾ/ | masê /maˈseː/ | hla /hla/ | — /—/ |
| Mutter | ngamu /ŋamu/ | ngama /ŋama/ | ati /ˈati/ | ngama /ŋama/ | mater /ˈmater/ | na /na/ | maatúf /maːtof/ |
| Vater | biiba /biːba/ | — /—/ | apa /ˈapa/ | kanda /kanda/ | atas /aˈtas/ | paʔ /paʔ/ | patír /patiːr/ |
| Essen | budal /budal/ | jitha /d͡ʒiθa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | cyaʔ /tɕaʔ/ | — /—/ |
| Trinken | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Liebe | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Herz | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Baum | yugu /juɡu/ | tungal /tuŋal/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | siŋ /siŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Haus | bayan /bajan/ | — /—/ | śuthi /ˈsuθi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | vaiŋ /waiŋ/ | trííbúm /triːbom/ |
| Hund | gudaa /ɡudaː/ | ngawu /ŋawu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | kan /kan/ | kwiy /kwij/ | — /—/ |
| Katze | buthigan /but̪iɡan/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Hand | mungal /muŋal/ | marra /maɾa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | lak /lak/ | manim /manim/ |
| Auge | miil /miːl/ | mela /mela/ | — /—/ | miibul /miːbul/ | — /—/ | mik /mik/ | — /—/ |
| Hallo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Danke | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Eins | nubuun /nubuːn/ | kunngirr /kuŋŋir/ | thu /θu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | te /te/ | — /—/ |
| Gut | awuun /awuːn/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
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