沖縄方言の漢字音(ウチナーヤマトゥグチ)

沖繩漢字音

Japonic > Japanese (Okinawan-substrate variety)

語系Japonic > Japanese (Okinawan-substrate variety) 使用者約100万人 (沖縄県内の話者推定) 地區Okinawa Prefecture, Japan 羅馬字Hepburn romanization with Ryukyuan substrate rules 讀音Sino-Japanese readings as adapted in Okinawan-substrate Japanese

This is NOT Okinawan proper (Uchinaaguchi 沖縄口, a separate Ryukyuan language with its own Sino-Ryukyuan readings); it is the variety of MODERN JAPANESE spoken in Okinawa with substrate influence from Okinawan phonology — sometimes called Uchinaa-yamatuguchi (ウチナーヤマトゥグチ, 'Okinawan-flavoured Japanese'). The single most pervasive substrate effect on Sino-Japanese citation forms is the canonical Ryukyuan three-vowel raising: short /e/ → /i/, short /o/ → /u/, long /eː/ → /iː/, long /oː/ → /uː/. Thus 月 getsu → gitsu, 東 tō → tū, 西 sei → sii, 見 ken → kin, 木 boku → buku, 五 go → gu. Diphthongs /ai au/ are typically preserved (海 kai, 来 rai). This raising affects every vowel in the inventory and so reshapes a large fraction of common on-yomi, making it the most systematic Sino-Japanese reading difference of any Japanese dialect. Data here follow the substrate phonology described by Shimoji (2010) for Okinawan and Pellard for Ryukyuan, applied to standard Hepburn citation forms.

使用地區

沖繩漢字音嘅漢字讀音

漢字 意思 讀音 寫法 IPA
one イツitsu /it͡sɯ/
two ji /d͡ʑi/
three サンsan /saɴ/
four shi /ɕi/
five gu /gu/
six リクriku /ɾikɯ/
seven シツshitsu /ɕit͡sɯ/
eight ハツhatsu /hat͡sɯ/
nine キュウkyū /kjɯː/
ten シュウshū /ɕɯː/
sun ジツjitsu /d͡ʑit͡sɯ/
moon ギツgitsu /git͡sɯ/
mountain サンsan /saɴ/
water スイsui /sɯi/
fire ka /ka/
tree ブクbuku /bukɯ/
soil tu /tu/
sky ティンtin /tiɴ/
ground chi /t͡ɕi/
sea キー /kiː/
dragon リュウryū /ɾjuː/
tiger ku /ku/
dog キンkin /kiɴ/
horse ba /ba/
bird チュウchū /t͡ɕuː/
fish ギュgyu /gju/
ox ギュウgyū /gjɯː/
sheep ユウ /juː/
cat ビュウbyū /bjuː/
person ジンjin /d͡ʑiɴ/
hand シュウshū /ɕɯː/
foot スクsuku /sukɯ/
eye ブクbuku /bukɯ/
ear ji /d͡ʑi/
mouth クウ /kuː/
head ツウ /tuː/
heart シンshin /ɕiɴ/
blood キツkitsu /kit͡sɯ/
meat ジクjiku /d͡ʑikɯ/
up シュウshū /ɕuː/
down ka /ka/
middle チュウchū /t͡ɕɯː/
hit チュウchū /t͡ɕɯː/
center ウウū /uː/
left sa /sa/
right ユウ /jɯː/
east ツウ /tuː/
西 west シー /siː/
south ダンdan /daɴ/
north フクhuku /hukɯ/
go ギョウgyō /ɡʲoː/
row クウ /kuː/
come リー /ɾiː/
leave キュkyu /kju/
see キンkin /kiɴ/
hear ブンbun /bɯɴ/
eat シュクshuku /ɕukɯ/
drink インin /iɴ/
run スウ /suː/
sit sa /sa/
stand リツritsu /ɾit͡sɯ/

來源

漢字讀音比較

同Japonic > Japanese (Okinawan-substrate variety)相關語言比較

漢字 沖繩漢字音日語(標準)鹿兒島漢字音東北漢字音在日韓國・朝鮮人漢字音上代日本漢字音朝鮮語(文化語)
itsu /it͡sɯ/ 漢音 / Kan-onitsu /it͡sɯ/呉音 / Go-onichi /it͡ɕi/ it /it̚/ itsu /id͡zɯ̈/ il /iɾɯ/ iti /iti/ il /il/
ji /d͡ʑi/ 漢音 / Kan-onji /d͡ʑi/呉音 / Go-onni /ni/ ji /d͡ʑi/ ji /zɯ̈/ i /i/ ni /ɲi/ i /i/
san /saɴ/ san /saɴ/ san /saɴ/ san /saɴ/ sam /sam/ sam /sam/ sam /sam/
shi /ɕi/ shi /ɕi/ shi /ɕi/ si /sɯ̈/ sa /sa/ si /ɕi/ sa /sa/
gu /gu/ go /go/ go /go/ go /ŋo/ o /o/ go /ŋo/ o /o/
riku /ɾikɯ/ 漢音 / Kan-onriku /ɾikɯ/呉音 / Go-onroku /ɾokɯ/ rik /ɾik̚/ rigu /ɾiɡɯ/ yuk /jukɯ/ roku /roku/ ryuk /ɾjuk̚/
shitsu /ɕit͡sɯ/ 漢音 / Kan-onshitsu /ɕit͡sɯ/呉音 / Go-onshichi /ɕit͡ɕi/ shit /ɕit̚/ shitsu /sɯ̈t͡sɯ̈/ chil /t͡ɕiɾɯ/ siti /ɕiti/ ch'il /tsʰil/
hatsu /hat͡sɯ/ 漢音 / Kan-onhatsu /hat͡sɯ/呉音 / Go-onhachi /hat͡ɕi/ hat /hat̚/ hatsu /hat͡sɯ/ pal /paɾɯ/ pati /pati/ p'al /pʰal/
kyū /kjɯː/ 漢音 / Kan-onkyū /kjɯː/呉音 / Go-onku /kɯ/ kyū /kjɯː/ kyū /kjɯː/ gu /ku/ kiu /kiu/ ku /ku/
shū /ɕɯː/ 漢音 / Kan-onshū /ɕɯː/呉音 / Go-on /d͡ʑɯː/ shū /ɕɯː/ shū /ɕɯː/ sip /ɕipɯ/ zipu /ʑipu/ sip /ɕip̚/
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