文言文(粵音)
Chinês clássico (leitura cantonesa)
Sinitic (Yue, Cantonese pedagogical reading of Literary Chinese) · variedade histórica / oculta
Classroom Classical Chinese with Cantonese pedagogical reading (文言文 粵音 wén yán wén Jyutping: man4 jin4 man4 jyut6 jam1) is the standard Cantonese reading of Literary Chinese (文言文) as taught in Hong Kong, Macau, and overseas Cantonese-medium Chinese schools. Distinct from: (1) zh_han / zh_tang (reconstructed Old/Middle Chinese pronunciations used for historical-linguistic study, not pedagogy); (2) zh_song (Mandarin school-pronunciation of Classical Chinese, despite the "Song" name); (3) ja_kanbun (Japanese kun-yomi rendering); and (4) Vietnamese hán văn or Korean hanmun readings. The Cantonese 文言 reading is the canonical Sinitic pedagogical reading tradition outside Mandarin and preserves more Middle Chinese-derived phonological distinctions than Mandarin: full set of six tones reflecting Middle Chinese tone categories, retained stop finals -k/-t/-p (lost in Mandarin), nasal -m (merged with -n in Mandarin). Used to read Classical poetry (Tang shi, Song ci), Confucian texts (四書五經), and Tang prose (古文) in Hong Kong secondary school 中國語文 curriculum.
Onde é falada
20 palavras essenciais em Chinês clássico (leitura cantonesa)
Água
水
/sɵy˧˥/
Fogo
火
/fɔ˧˥/
Sol
日
/jɐt˨/
Lua
月
/jyt˨/
Mãe
母
/mou˩˧/
Pai
父
/fu˨/
Comer
食
/sɪk˨/
Beber
飲
/jɐm˧˥/
Amor
愛
/ɔi˧/
Coração
心
/sɐm˥/
Árvore
木
/mʊk˨/
Casa
屋
/ʊk˥/
Cão
犬
/hyn˧˥/
Gato
貓
/mau˥/
Mão
手
/sɐu˧˥/
Olho
目
/mʊk˨/
Olá
萬福
/man˨ fʊk˥/
Obrigado
謝
/tsɛ˨/
Um
一
/jɐt˥/
Bom
善
/sin˨/
Fontes
- Bauer & Benedict (1997) Modern Cantonese Phonology
- Matthews & Yip (2011) Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar
- Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority — Chinese Language curriculum
Palavras comparadas
Comparado com línguas Sinitic (Yue, Cantonese pedagogical reading of Literary Chinese) relacionadas
| Significado | Chinês clássico (leitura cantonesa) | Zhongshan Yue | Cantonês | Dongguan Yue | yue de Gaozhou | Nanning Yue | Pinghua |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Água | 水 /sɵy˧˥/ | 水 /sɵy˧˥/ | 水 /sɵy˧˥/ | 水 /sui˧˥/ | 水 /sɵi˧˥/ | 水 /ɬɵy˧˥/ | 水 /ɬui˦˨/ |
| Fogo | 火 /fɔ˧˥/ | 火 /fɔ˧˥/ | 火 /fɔː˧˥/ | 火 /fɔ˧˥/ | 火 /fɔ˧˥/ | 火 /fɔ˧˥/ | 火 /fu˦˨/ |
| Sol | 日 /jɐt˨/ | 日頭 /jɐt˨ tʰɐu˨˩/ | 日頭 /jɐt˨ tʰɐu˨˩/ | 日头 /jɐt˨˨tʰɐu˨˩/ | 日头 /jɐt˨tʰɐu˧˧/ | 日头 /jɐt˨tʰɐu˨˩/ | 日头 /ŋit˨tʰɐu˦˦/ |
| Lua | 月 /jyt˨/ | 月光 /jyt˨ kwɔŋ˥˧/ | 月光 /jyːt˨ kʷɔːŋ˥/ | 月光 /jyt˨kʷɔŋ˥˥/ | 月光 /jyt˨kwɔŋ˥˥/ | 月光 /ŋyt˨kʷɔŋ˥˥/ | 月光 /ŋyt˨kwɔŋ˦˦/ |
| Mãe | 母 /mou˩˧/ | 老母 /lou˩˧ mou˩˧/ | 媽媽 /maː˥maː˥/ | 阿妈 /a˧˧ma˥˥/ | 妈妈 /maː˥˥maː˥˥/ | 老妈 /lau˧˩ma˥˥/ | 阿妈 /a˦˦ma˦˦/ |
| Pai | 父 /fu˨/ | 老豆 /lou˩˧ tɐu˨/ | 爸爸 /paː˨˩paː˥/ | 阿爸 /a˧˧pa˥˥/ | 爸爸 /paː˨˩paː˨˩/ | 老窦 /lau˧˩tɐu˨˨/ | 阿爸 /a˦˦pa˦˦/ |
| Comer | 食 /sɪk˨/ | 食 /sɪk˨/ | 食 /sɪk˨/ | 食 /sɪk˨/ | 食 /sɪk˨˨/ | 食 /ɬɪk˨/ | 食 /sɐk˨/ |
| Beber | 飲 /jɐm˧˥/ | 飲 /jɐm˧˥/ | 飲 /jɐm˧˥/ | 饮 /jɐm˧˥/ | 饮 /jɐm˧˥/ | 饮 /jɐm˧˥/ | 饮 /ʔɐm˦˨/ |
| Amor | 愛 /ɔi˧/ | 愛 /ɔi˧/ | 愛 /ɔːi˧/ | 爱 /ɔi˧˧/ | 爱 /ɔi˧˧/ | 爱 /ŋɔi˧˧/ | 爱 /ɔi˦˦/ |
| Coração | 心 /sɐm˥/ | 心 /sɐm˥˧/ | 心 /sɐm˥/ | 心 /sɐm˥˥/ | 心 /sɐm˥˥/ | 心 /ɬɐm˥˥/ | 心 /sɐm˦˦/ |
| Árvore | 木 /mʊk˨/ | 樹 /syː˨/ | 樹 /syː˨/ | 树 /syː˨/ | 树 /sy˨˨/ | 树 /ɬɵy˨/ | 树 /sy˦˦/ |
| Casa | 屋 /ʊk˥/ | 屋 /ʊk˥/ | 屋 /ʊk˥/ | 屋 /ʊk˥/ | 屋 /ʊk˥˥/ | 屋 /ʊk˥/ | 屋 /ɔk˨/ |
| Cão | 犬 /hyn˧˥/ | 狗 /kɐu˧˥/ | 狗 /kɐu˧˥/ | 狗 /kɐu˧˥/ | 狗 /kɐu˧˥/ | 狗 /kɐu˧˥/ | 狗 /kɐu˦˨/ |
| Gato | 貓 /mau˥/ | 貓 /maːu˥˧/ | 貓 /maːu˥/ | 猫 /maːu˥˥/ | 猫 /maːu˥˥/ | 猫 /meu˥˥/ | 猫 /mau˦˦/ |
| Mão | 手 /sɐu˧˥/ | 手 /sɐu˧˥/ | 手 /sɐu˧˥/ | 手 /sɐu˧˥/ | 手 /sɐu˧˥/ | 手 /ɬɐu˧˥/ | 手 /sɐu˦˨/ |
| Olho | 目 /mʊk˨/ | 眼 /ŋaːn˩˧/ | 眼 /ŋaːn˩˧/ | 眼 /ŋaːn˩˧/ | 眼 /ŋaːn˩˧/ | 眼 /ŋaːn˩˧/ | 眼 /ŋɐn˦˨/ |
| Olá | 萬福 /man˨ fʊk˥/ | 你好 /nei˩˧ hou˧˥/ | 你好 /neːi˩˧hou˧˥/ | 你好 /nei˩˧hou˧˥/ | 你好 /nei˩˧hou˧˥/ | 你好 /nei˩˧hou˧˥/ | 你好 /nei˦˨hou˦˨/ |
| Obrigado | 謝 /tsɛ˨/ | 多謝 /tɔ˥˧ tsɛː˨/ | 多謝 /tɔː˥t͡sɛː˨/ | 多谢 /tɔː˥˥tsɛː˨/ | 多谢 /tɔ˥˥tsɛ˨˨/ | 多谢 /tɔ˥˥tse˨/ | 多谢 /tɔ˦˦tsɛ˦˦/ |
| Um | 一 /jɐt˥/ | 一 /jɐt˥/ | 一 /jɐt˥/ | 一 /jɐt˥/ | 一 /jɐt˥˥/ | 一 /jɐt˥/ | 一 /jɐt˨/ |
| Bom | 善 /sin˨/ | 好 /hou˧˥/ | 好 /hou˧˥/ | 好 /hou˧˥/ | 好 /hou˧˥/ | 好 /hou˧˥/ | 好 /hou˦˨/ |
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