婁底湘語

Xiang (Loudi)

Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic, Xiang — 娄邵片)

FamilySino-Tibetan (Sinitic, Xiang — 娄邵片) Speakers(provisional) RegionChina (Hunan — Loudi 娄底) RomanizationLoudi romanization (Wiktionary Module:hsn-pron-Loudi, after 颜清徽·刘丽华《娄底方言研究》), tone values as Chao numerals ReadingXiang (Loudi)

Loudi Xiang is an Old Xiang (老湘语) variety of the Lou–Shao cluster (娄邵片), spoken in Loudi, central Hunan. As a conservative Old Xiang dialect it preserves the Middle Chinese voiced obstruent initials (e.g. 地 /di¹¹/, 頭 /di̯ɤ¹³/) that most Sinitic varieties have lost, and the historical entering tone (入声) has merged away, leaving five tones (yin-ping 44, yang-ping 13, shang 42, yin-qu 35, yang-qu 11). A notable trait is that certain Middle Chinese lai-initial (來母) words surface with a nasal n- initial — e.g. 龍 'dragon' is /nɤŋ¹³/. Readings here follow the Wiktionary Loudi data (Module:hsn-pron-Loudi), itself based on the field study 颜清徽·刘丽华《娄底方言研究》; 40 of the 59 core HanMap characters are attested in that source.

Where it is spoken

Han character readings in Xiang (Loudi)

Character Meaning Reading Form IPA
one i¹³ /i˩˧/
two eu¹¹ /ɤ˩˩/
three sann⁴⁴ /sã̠˦˦/
four sr³⁵ /sz̩˧˥/
five u⁴² /u˦˨/
six lu³⁵ /lɤu̯˧˥/
seven ci¹³ /tsʰi˩˧/
eight ba¹³ /pa̠˩˧/
nine jiou⁴² /tɕi̯ʊ˦˨/
ten xi³⁵ /ɕi˧˥/
sun ni³⁵ / i³⁵ /ni˧˥ / i˧˥/
moon ue³⁵ /u̯e̞˧˥/
mountain sann⁴⁴ /sã̠˦˦/
water xy⁴² /ɕy˦˨/
fire hou⁴² /xʊ˦˨/
tree mou³⁵ /mʊ˧˥/
soil tu⁴² /tʰɤu̯˦˨/
sky tinn⁴⁴ /tʰĩ˦˦/
ground ddi¹¹ /di˩˩/
dragon neng¹³ /nɤŋ˩˧/
horse mo⁴² /mɔ˦˨/
fish y¹³ /y˩˧/
ox niou¹³ /ni̯ʊ˩˧/
sheep iong¹³ /i̯ɔŋ˩˧/
cat meu⁴⁴ /mɤ˦˦/
person nin¹³ /nin˩˧/
hand xiou⁴² /ɕi̯ʊ˦˨/
ear eu⁴² /ɤ˦˨/
mouth keu⁴² /kʰɤ˦˨/
head ddieu¹³ /di̯ɤ˩˧/
heart sin⁴⁴ /sin˦˦/
blood xye¹³ /ɕy̯e̞˩˧/
left zou⁴² /tsʊ˦˨/
right iou¹¹ /i̯ʊ˩˩/
西 west si⁴⁴ /si˦˦/
south nann¹³ /nã̠˩˧/
north be¹³ /pe̞˩˧/
come le¹³ /le̞˩˧/
leave qi³⁵ / qy³⁵ /tɕʰi˧˥ / tɕʰy˧˥/
hear un¹³ /un˩˧/

Sources

Han readings compared

Compared with related Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic, Xiang — 娄邵片) languages

Character Xiang (Loudi)Wuhan MandarinXiang (Hengyang)Xiang (Hunan)Lanyin MandarinOld Xiang (Shuangfeng)Hui Chinese (Wuyuan)
i¹³ /i˩˧/ yi²¹³ /i˨˩˧/ i²⁴ /i˨˦/ i²⁴ /i˨˦/ yi¹³ /i˩˧/ i /i˨˦/ ie⁵⁵ /iɛʔ˥˥/
eu¹¹ /ɤ˩˩/ er³⁵ /ɚ˧˥/ er²¹ /ɚ˨˩/ er²¹ /ɚ˨˩/ er¹³ /ɚ˩˧/ er /ɚ˨˩/ n²² /n̩˨˨/
sann⁴⁴ /sã̠˦˦/ san⁵⁵ /san˥˥/ san³³ /san˧˧/ san³³ /san˧˧/ san³¹ /sã˧˩/ san /san˧˧/ se³³ /sɛ˧˧/
sr³⁵ /sz̩˧˥/ si³⁵ /sɿ˧˥/ si⁴⁵ /sɿ˦˥/ si⁴⁵ /sɿ˦˥/ si¹³ /sɿ˩˧/ si /sɿ˦˥/ si³⁵ /sɿ˧˥/
u⁴² /u˦˨/ wu⁴² /u˦˨/ u⁴¹ /u˦˩/ u⁴¹ /u˦˩/ wu⁴⁴² /u˦˦˨/ u /u˦˩/ ng²¹ /ŋ̩˨˩/
lu³⁵ /lɤu̯˧˥/ nou²¹³ /nəu˨˩˧/ leu²⁴ /ləu˨˦/ leu²⁴ /ləu˨˦/ liu¹³ /liou˩˧/ leu /ləu˨˦/ lu²¹ /lu˨˩/
ci¹³ /tsʰi˩˧/ qi²¹³ /tɕʰi˨˩˧/ qi²⁴ /tɕʰi˨˦/ qi²⁴ /tɕʰi˨˦/ qi¹³ /tɕʰi˩˧/ qi /tɕʰi˨˦/ tshi⁵⁵ /tsʰiɪʔ˥˥/
ba¹³ /pa̠˩˧/ ba²¹³ /pa˨˩˧/ pa²⁴ /pa˨˦/ pa²⁴ /pa˨˦/ ba¹³ /pa˩˧/ pa /pa˨˦/ pa⁵⁵ /paʔ˥˥/
jiou⁴² /tɕi̯ʊ˦˨/ jiu⁴² /tɕiəu˦˨/ jieu⁴¹ /tɕiəu˦˩/ jieu⁴¹ /tɕiəu˦˩/ jiu⁴⁴² /tɕiou˦˦˨/ jieu /tɕiəu˦˩/ tçiu³⁵ /tɕiu˧˥/
xi³⁵ /ɕi˧˥/ si²¹³ /sɿ˨˩˧/ si²⁴ /sɿ˨˦/ si²⁴ /sɿ˨˦/ shi⁵³ /ʂʅ˥˧/ zhi /ʑɿ˨˦/ sii²¹ /siɪʔ˨˩/
Page 1/4

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.